نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی و مقایسة تولید، هزینه و آسیب به خاک در چوبکشی نیمه‌مکانیزه و انتقال سنتی در جنگل‌های سیاهکل استان گیلان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی جنگل، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.371140.2643

چکیده

انجام پژوهش­ در زمینة ارزیابی اقتصادی و اکولوژیک بهره ­برداری جنگل ضروری است. هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی تولید، هزینه و آسیب به خاک در شیوه ­های چوبکشی نیمه‌مکانیزه با اسکیدر و انتقال سنتی با قاطر است. این تحقیق در جنگل­ های سیاهکل استان گیلان انجام شده است. بدین‌منظور بعد از مشخص کردن اجزای کار در دو شیوه خروج نیمه­ مکانیزه و سنتی 110 نوبت کاری مطالعه شد (70 نوبت چوبکشی نیمه­ مکانیزه و 40 نوبت انتقال سنتی). همچنین به‌منظور ارزیابی تأثیرات اکولوژیک، اقدام به برداشت 60 نمونه خاک در مناطق تحت تأثیر و 60 نمونه خاک در مناطق شاهد به شیوة نمونه­ برداری تصادفی سیستماتیک شد. نتایج نشان داد میزان تولید در شیوة نیمه­ مکانیزه با احتساب و بدون احتساب زمان‌های تأخیر به‌ترتیب 21/64 و 28/20 مترمکعب در ساعت و میزان تولید در شیوة انتقال سنتی با احتساب و بدون احتساب زمان‌های تأخیر به‌ترتیب 0/31 و 0/33 متر مکعب در ساعت است. از طرفی هزینة خالص و ناخالص مرکب شدة واحد تولید برای چوبکشی 1667657 ریال و 1835097 ریال به‌ازای هر مترمکعب و برای انتقال سنتی 28116750 ریال و 30598210 ریال به‌ازای هر مترمکعب محاسبه گردید. نتایج آزمایش مشخصه ­های فیزیکی خاک نشان داد که درصد افزایش تراکم و رطوبت خاک در شیوة انتقال سنتی بیشتر از شیوة نیمه­ مکانیزه است. براساس یافته­ های تحقیق می­توان نتیجه ­گیری نمود استفاده از شیوة چوبکشی نیمه ­مکانیزه از نظر تولید، هزینه و آسیب به خاک نتایج مطلوب‌تری نسبت به شیوة انتقال سنتی به‌همراه دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment and comparison of production, cost and damage to soil during semi-mechanized skidding and traditional transportation in Siahkal forests of Guilan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farshad Keivan Behjou
  • Paeviz Fadaee
  • Pourya Pourramezan

Department of Forest Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh, Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Research focused on economic and ecological aspects of logging are necessary to evaluate. The aim of present study was assessment of production, cost and damage to soil during semi-mechanized skidding and traditional transportation in Siahkal forests of Guilan. To this, after determining two skidding system and determine work elements, number of 110 skidding turns (70 related to semi-mechanized and 40 related to traditional logging) were studied, also soil sampling was done by systematic-random sampling. Resulted showed that the hourly production with and without delay in semi-mechanized skidding were 21.64 and 28.20m3, respectively. Also, resulted showed that the hourly production with and without delay in traditional transportation were 0.31 and 0.33m3, respectively. On the other hand, resulted showed that the unit cost with and without delay in semi-mechanized skidding were 941695 and 856087 Rial per m3, respectively. Also, resulted showed that the unit cost with and without delay in traditional transportation were 1570172 and 1442825 Rial per m3, respectively. Results of soil compaction and soil humidity in two studied skidding system proved that these indicators in trational method is more than semi-mechanized skidding in 0-10cm soil depth. We concluded that using semi-mechanized skidding is more ratinal that traditional transportation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cost
  • Production
  • Semi-mechanized skidding
  • Soil damage
  • Traditional ransportation
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 77، شماره 2
شهریور 1403
صفحه 311-323