ارزیابی کیفیت زیستگاه مرال (Cervus elaphus maral) در استان گلستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة شیلات و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2024.369206.2628

چکیده

تغییرات کاربری اراضی به‌علت افزایش توسعة شهری و رشد بی ­سابقة جمعیت، افزایش یافته است. الگوی نامناسب پوشش اراضی می­ تواند موجب تخریب و نابودی زیستگاه ­های حیات­ وحش شده و تنوع ­زیستی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. از طرفی، مرال به­ عنوان بزرگترین گوزن بومی ایران و نقش مهمی که در تنوع زیستی دارد، بسیار مورد توجه مدیران جنگل قرار گرفته است. در پژوهش حاضر زیستگاه گونة مرال در استان گلستان و میزان تأثیر کاربری اراضی بر کیفیت زیستگاه این گونه با استفاده از مدل Habitat Quality در نرم‌افزار InVEST مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که 77/99 درصد از سطح استان دارای کیفیت خیلی پایین، 0/03درصد دارای کیفیت متوسط، 2/15درصد دارای کیفیت خوب و 18/81 درصد دارای کیفیت خیلی خوب برای زیستن مرال است. بهتر است راهبردهای مدیریتی در خصوص تأسیس واحدهای دامداری، توسعة شهری و روستایی، تبدیل اراضی جنگلی، توسعة کشاورزی با تدابیر از پیش‌ تعیین شده­ای در راستای حفظ زیستگاه مرال در نظر گرفته شود. نتایج پژوهش حاضر با شناسایی مناطق داغ با کیفیت بالای زیستگاهی و نیز تعیین مهم­ترین عرصه‌­های نیازمند حفاظت بیشتر می­تواند در برنامه‌ریزی‌های حفاظتی لحاظ شود. همچنین پیشنهاد می‌شود سناریو‌های مختلف تغییر کاربری اراضی در مدل‌سازی کیفیت زیستگاه مد نظر قرار گیرد تا برنامه‌های مناسب‌تری در امر حفاظت طرح‌ریزی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating habitat quality of Cervus elaphus maral in Golestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Varasteh Moradi
  • Shahrzad Rahmati
  • Hmidreza Kamyab

Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Land use changes have accelerated due to urban development and population growth. The inappropriate pattern of land cover, can cause the destruction of wildlife habitats and overshadow biodiversity. On the other hand, Cervus elaphus maral, as the largest native deer in Iran and its important role in biodiversity, has been given a lot of attention by forest guards. In the present study, the habitat of the Cervus elaphus maral in Golestan province and the imapact of land use on the habitat quality of this species were evaluated using the Habitat Quality model. The results showed that 78.99% of the Golestan province has very low quality, 0.03% has medium quality, 2.15% has good quality and 18.81% has very good quality for Cervus elaphus maral living. The results of the current research can be included in conservation planning by identifying hotspots with high habitat quality and determining the most important areas that need more protection. It is also suggested that land use change scenarios should be considered in habitat quality modeling so that more suitable programs can be made in the matter of planning protection.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cervus elaphus maral
  • Golestan province
  • Habitat quality modeling
  • InVEST software
Asadolahi, Z., Salmanmahiny, A.R., 2017. Assessing the impact of land use change on ecosystem services supply (carbon storage and sequestration). Environmental Researches 8(15 ), 203-214.
Baniaghil, A.S., Rahemi, A., Biabani, A., Faramarzi, H., 2016. Evaluation of suitable areas for soybean cultivation based on climatic indices in Golestan province. journal name 2(2), 19-32.
Berta Aneseyee, A., Noszczyk, T., Soromessa, T., Elias, E., 2020. The InVEST habitat quality model associated with land use/cover changes: A qualitative case study of the Winike Watershed in the Omo-Gibe Basin, Southwest Ethiopia. Remote Sensing 12(7), 1103.
Daneshi, A., Najafinejad, A., Panahi, M., Zarandian, A., 2020. Projecting Land Use Change Effects on Habitat Quality of Narmab Dam Basin in Golestan Province. Degradation and Rehabilitation of Natural Land 1(1) , 120-131.
Department of Environment, no date, Strengths and opportunities of the environment of Golestan province,https://golestan.doe.ir/portal/home/?1019635/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87. 2023
Erfani, M., Jahanishakib, F., Ardakani, T., 2023. Habitat Quality Assessment Using InVEST Model and its Valuation Through ‎Cost Compensation Method‎ in ‎Kerman ‎Province. Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 12 (2),11-23
Hall, L.S., Krausman, P.R. and Morrison, M.L., 1997. The habitat concept and a plea for standard terminology. Wildlife Society Bulletin 25(1), 173-182.
Hoseini, S. M., Riazi, B., shams esfand abad, B., Naderi, M., 2017. Habitat desirabllity Evaluation of Capra aegagrus in golestan. Journal of Animal Environment 9(2), 9-16.
InVEST documentation, Copyright 2022, The Natural Capital Project.
Jiang, G., Ma, J., Zhang, M., Stott, P., 2009. Multiple spatial-scale resource selection function models in relation to human disturbance for moose in northeastern China. Ecological Research 24, 423-440.
Kareiva, P., Tallis, H., Ricketts, T.H., Daily, G.C., Polasky, S., 2011. Natural Capital: Theory and Practice of Mapping Ecosystem Services. Oxford University Press, Oxford.9. Nelson.
Khosravi, M., Chamani, A., Mirzaei, R., 2021. The impact of climate change on the effectiveness of the conservation network with respect to the Bovidae and Cervidae family in Iran. Journal of Natural Environment 74(2), 208-223.
Liu, Y., Han, M., Wang, M., Fan, C., Zhao, H., 2022. Habitat Quality Assessment in the Yellow River Delta Based on Remote Sensing and Scenario Analysis for Land Use/Land Cover. Sustainability 14(23), 15904.
Madadi, M., Varasteh Moradi, H., Karimi, A., 2019. Habitat evaluation and the most important factors affecting distribution of Red Deer (Cervus elaphus maral) in Golestan National Park. Journal of Animal Environment 11(1), 111-118.
Mehrkhou, S., Ramezani, M., Farshchi, P., Panahi, M., Monavari, S., 2023. Predicting Changes in the Supply of Ecosystem Services Related to Biodiversity Due to Land Use Changes in the Shafarood Watershed of Guilan Province. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 25(7), 109-124.
Mirzaei, R., Esmaili-Sari, A., Hemami, MR., Rezaei, HR., 2015. Spatial Pattern Determination of Biodiversity Threats at Landscape Level (Case Study: Golestan Province). Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 4 (11) :79-91.
Momenpour, M., Ghorbanzadeh Zafarani, SZ., Rasoli, H., 2022. Evaluation of the desirability of urban peripheral spaces for the development of agricultural economic activities(Case: Golestan Province). Space Economy & Rural Development 11(40), 143-164.
Nematollahi, S., Fakheran, S., Jafari, A., Raeisi, T., Pourmanafi. S., 2020. Landscape Planning for Conservation, Based on the InVEST Model of Habitat Quality and Ecological Impact Assessment of Road Network in Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province. Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology 8(4), 67-81.
Parviyan, N., 2013. Evaluation of the effects of land use changes and vegetation cover on Cervus elaphus Maral habitat (case study: Gorgan and Kordkoyi cities), master's thesis, Gorgan.
Pereira, P., Gomes, E., Inacio, M., Bogdzevič, K., Karnauskaite, D., Kalinauskas, M., 2021. Mapping and assessment of future land use change impacts on habitat quality in Lithuania. In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (pp. EGU21-3267).
Prugh, L.R., Hodges, K.E., Sinclair, A.R., Brashares, J.S., 2008. Effect of habitat area and isolation on fragmented animal populations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105(52), 20770-20775.
Rezapoor Andabili, N., Mirsanjari, M.M., Zarandian, A., 2022. Evaluation of spatial correlation patterns of habitat service of Qara Gheshlagh wetland ecosystem. Journal of Environmental Science Studies 7(4), 5757-5769.
Ricketts, T.H., 2001. The matrix matters: effective isolation in fragmented landscapes. The American Naturalist 158(1), 87-99.
Salmanpour, F., Ahmadzadeh, F., Sayyahnia, R., & Hasanzade Kiabi, B., 2022. The effect of climate change on the distribution of Caspian red deer (Cervus elaphus maral) in Central Alborz Protected Area. Environmental Sciences 20(4), 229-242.
Taghvaei, M., Bay, N., 2012. Assessing Impart Quantity of counties of Golestan province by Analytical Hierarchy Process. GeoRes 27(3), 1-20
Terrado, M., Sabater, S., Chaplin-Kramer, B., Mandle, L., Ziv, G., & Acuña, V., 2016. Model development for the assessment of terrestrial and aquatic habitat quality in conservation planning. Science of The Total Environment 540, 63-70.
Thapaliya, K., 2008. Analysis of factors related to the distribution of Red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in Hustai National Park, Mongolia. M.Sc. Thesis. International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation. 50 p.
Varasteh Moradi, H., Sadizadeh, T., Soofi, M., 2019. Occupancy Modeling of Red Deer in Hyrcanian Forests (case Study: Golestan National Park). Environmental Researches 9(18), 189-200.
Wu, W.; Li, Y. And Hu, Y., 2016. Simulation of potential habitat overlap between red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in northeastern China. Peer 4, 1756-1777.
Xiang, Q., Kan, A., Yu, X., Liu, F., Huang, H., Li, W., Gao, R., 2023. Assessment of Topographic Effect on Habitat Quality in Mountainous Area Using InVEST Model. Land 12(1), 186.
Zarandian, A., Yavari, A., Jafari, H., Amirnejad, H., 2016. Modeling of Land Cover Change Impacts on Habitat Quality of a Forested Landscape in the Sarvelat and Javaherdasht. Environmental Researches 6(12), 183-194.
Zhu, S., Li, L., Slate, TJ., Tang, H., Wu, G., Guo, H., Li, D., 2023. The Change in Habitat Quality for the Yunnan Snub-Nosed Monkey from 1975 to 2022. Biology 12(6), 886.