توزیع شکل‌های شیمیایی سرب و روی در خاک آلودة اصلاح شده با نانوبیوچار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.361176.2569

چکیده

غلظت بالای فلزات سنگین در خاک به­ طور مستقیم روی کیفیت خاک، آب و سلامت انسان تأثیر دارد. بنابراین کاهش تحرک این عناصر به­ویژه در خاک ­های آلوده توسط اصلاح ­کننده­ های ارزان و مؤثر، می ­تواند سبب حل مشکلات محیط‌زیستی گردد. هدف از این مطالعه تأثیر نانوبیوچار بر تحرک عناصر آلاینده روی و سرب در خاک­ آهکی آلوده بود. بدین‌منظور یک آزمایش انکوباسیون به­ صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با دو فاکتور 1) نوع جاذب­ (چهار سطح) و 2) مقدار جاذب­ (سه سطح) به‌مدت 90 روز در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. در پایان دورة انکوباسیون غلظت قابل دسترس و شکل­ های شیمیایی سرب و روی اندازه­ گیری گردید. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین کاهش در مقدار قابل دسترس عناصر در خاک تیمار شده با نانوبیوچار اصلاح شده با آهن است. به­طوری‌ که مقدار سرب و روی قابل دسترس در تیمار 1 درصد نانوبیوچار اصلاح شده در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد به ­ترتیب 34/65 و 15/38درصد کاهش یافت. کاربرد بیوچار به­ ویژه در اندازة نانو سبب کاهش معنی­ دار (0/05≥P) روی و سرب در بخش قابل تبادل و افزایش آن­ها در بخش باقیمانده نسبت به تیمار شاهد گردیدند. با افزایش درصد بیوچار و نانوبیوچار افزوده ­شده به خاک مقدار IR افزایش و مقدار MF کاهش یافت که بیانگر کاهش تحرک فلز در خاک است. به ­طور کلی افزودن بیوچار در اندازة نانو، سبب تغییر شکل عناصر از شکل ­های ناپایدار (شکل­های قابل تبادل و کربناتی) به شکل ­های پایدار (شکل‌های پیوند خورده با اکسیدهای آهن و منگنز و شکل آلی) و کاهش بیش­تر تحرک فلزات در خاک گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Chemical fractions of Lead and Zinc in the contaminated soil amended with nanobiochar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Neda Moradi
  • Abdolamir Moezzi
  • Shila Khajavi-Shojaei
  • Paedis Khaji

Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

High concentration of heavy metals in soil directly affects soil and water quality and human safety. Therefore, decreasing mobility of metals, especially in contaminated soils by cost-effective amendments can solve environmental problems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of nanobiochar on the mobility of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in contaminated calcareous soils. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete design with two factors including: 1) type of bioadsorbents (4 type) and rate of bioadsorbents (3 rate) for 90 days in three replications. At the end of incubation period, Pb and Zn availability and their chemical fractions were measured. The results showed that the greatest reduction in Pb and Zn availability was observed in soil treated with Fe-NB. The Pb and Zn availability in Fe-NB-1% decreased by 34.65 and 15.38% compared to the control treatment, respectively. Application of biochar, especially in nano size, significantly (P<0.05) decreased the exchangeable fraction and increased iron and manganese oxide bound and residual fractions of the metals in comparison to the control treatment. The IR Values increased and MF values decreased with increasing biochars and nanobichars levels that indicating a decrease in the mobility of metals in the soil. In general, the addition of nanobiochar in soil causes the transformation of metals from unstable form (exchangeable and carbonate forms) to stable forms (iron and manganese oxide bound and residual forms) and further reduces the mobility of metals in the soil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Contaminated soil
  • Heavy metals
  • Nanobiochar
  • Sequential extraction
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