بررسی قابلیت ترسیب کربن توسط گونه‌های گیاهی مستقر در فضای سبز (مطالعة مجتمع صنعتی و معدنی چادرملو)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

2 مدیر پشتیبانی و زیرساخت، مجتمع صنعتی و معدنی چادرملو، اردکان، ایران.

3 مشاور فضای سبز مجتمع صنعتی و معدنی چادرملو، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.360364.2567

چکیده

یکی از چالش‌های مهم در توسعة پایدار، افزایش گازهای گلخانه‌ای به‌ویژه دی‌اکسیدکربن در اتمسفر و به‌دنبال افزایش دمای زمین و تغییر اقلیم می‌باشد. ترسیب کربن توسط گیاهان یک راهکار عملی برای کاهش غلظت دی‌اکسیدکربن در اتمسفر می‌باشد. طی فرآیند فتوسنتز، دی‌اکسیدکربن اتمسفر جذب و به‌صورت کربن آلی ذخیره می‌شود. این مطالعه با هدف اندازه‌گیری قابلیت ترسیب دی‌اکسیدکربن توسط شش گونة گیاهی (خرما، زیتون، خرزهره، اکالیپتوس، کاج و تاغ) که در مجتمع صنعتی و معدنی چادرملو اردکان کشت شده‌اند، انجام شد. در بخش خاک، مطالعه‌ای به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی انجام و میزان ترسیب کربن در هفت کاربری (منطقة شاهد و شش گیاه) و دو عمق (25-0 و 50-25 سانتی‌متر) اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج آنالیز واریانس نشان داد که اثر کاربری، عمق و برهمکنش آن‌ها بر میزان ترسیب معنی‌دار بود (0/05>P). نتایج نشان داد که ترسیب کربن در عمق  25-0 سانتی‌متری به‌طور معنی‌داری بیش از عمق 50-25 بود و همة گیاهان به‌طور معنی‌داری نسبت به منطقة شاهد، ترسیب کربن بیشتری داشتند. کاج بیشترین میزان ترسیب در بخش خاک (ton.h-1 24/59 دی‌اکسیدکربن) را داشت که به‌طور معنی‌داری بیش از سایر گیاهان بود. میزان ترسیب کربن در لاشبرگ، ریشه و اندام هوایی شش گیاه در قالب طرح بلوک کاملاً تصادفی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بیشترین میزان ترسیب در لاشبرگ، ریشه و اندام هوایی به‌ترتیب در خرزهره، کاج و خرما (به‌ترتیب 31، 23/32 و ton.h-1 78/75 دی‌اکسید کربن) مشاهده شد. کمترین میزان ترسیب کربن در لاشبرگ، ریشه و اندام هوایی در تاغ (به‌ترتیب 23/1، 94/1 و ton.h-1 6/19 دی‌اکسیدکربن) مشاهده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین مقدار کل ترسیب کربن در بخش‌های خاک، لاشبرگ ریشه و اندام هوایی در کاج (ton.h-1 161/39) نسبت به سایر گیاهان به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر بود. کمترین مقدار کل ترسیب کربن در تاغ (ton.h-1 52/3) مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه، از بین گیاهان مورد بررسی، کاج بالاترین توان ترسیب دی‌اکسیدکربن را داشته و به‌عنوان گیاه مناسب برای کشت در فضای سبز مناطق مشابه توصیه می‌گردد. به‌نظر می‌رسد با انتخاب گیاهان سازگار با شرایط اقلیمی، خاکی و آب منطقه، ضمن ایجاد فضای سبز مناسب، بتوان غلظت دی‌اکسیدکربن در اتمسفر را کاهش و باعث بهبود کیفیت هوا شد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the ability of carbon sequestration by plant species located in the green space (Case study: Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Company)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Shirmardi 1
  • Behrouz Tavakoli 2
  • Mostafa Mirabzadeh Ardakani 3
  • Zahra Rahmati Ahmadabad 1
  • Neda Hemmat 1
  • Mohammad Hasan Kargar Shouroki 1
  • Matin Ehsani Ardakani 1

1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.

2 Support and infrastructure manager, Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Complex, Ardakan, Iran.

3 Green space consultant of Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Complex, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

One of the most important challenges in sustainable development is the increase in the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, and the subsequent increase in the earth's temperature and climate change. Carbon sequestration by plants is a practical solution to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. During the process of photosynthesis, atmospheric CO2 is absorbed and stored as organic carbon. This study was conducted to measuring the amount of CO2 sequestration in six plant species (Date palm, olive, oleander, eucalyptus, pine and haloxylon) that were cultivated in Chadormalu Mining and Industrial Company. In the soil section, a study was conducted as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) and the amount of carbon sequestration was measured in seven uses (control area and six plants) and two depths (0-25 and 25-50 cm). The results of analysis of variance showed that the effect of land use, depth and their interaction was significant on the amount of sequestration (P< 0.05). The results showed that the carbon sequestration at 0-25 cm was significantly more than 25-50 cm and all plants had more carbon sequestration than the control area, significantly. Pine had the highest amount of sequestration in the soil (24.59 ton.h-1 of CO2), which was significantly more than other plants. The amount of carbon sequestration in the leaves, roots and shoots of six plants was investigated based on a RCBD. The highest amount of sequestration was observed in litter, root and shoot of oleander, pine and date (31, 23.32, and 78.75 ton.h-1 of CO2), respectively. The lowest amount of sequestration was observed in the litter, root and shoot of haloxylon (1.23, 1.94 and 19.6 ton.h-1 of CO2, respectively). The results showed that the maximum amount of total carbon sequestration in the parts of the soil, litter, root and shoot observed in pine (161.39 ton.h-1) that was significantly higher than other plants. The lowest amount of total carbon sequestration observed in the haloxylon (52.3 ton.h-1). According to the results of this study, pine has the highest carbon dioxide sequestration capacity among the investigated plants and is recommended as a suitable plant for cultivation in the green space of similar areas. It seems that by choosing plants compatible with the climate, soil and water conditions of the region, while creating a suitable green space, it is possible to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere and improve the air quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Air quality
  • Carbon dioxide (CO2)
  • Climate change
  • Global warming
  • Soil organic carbon
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