زون‏بندی منطقة حفاظت‌شدة انگوران با رویکرد ارزیابی چند معیاره و سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکدة علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.357382.2545

چکیده

توسعة شهری و افزایش فعالیت‌های اقتصادی منجر به از هم‌گسیختگی یکپارچگی مناطق حفاظت‌شده و تهدید تنوع زیستی آن­ها می ­شود. این مطالعه به‌منظور شناسایی الگوی مکانی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی و تأثیر توسعه بر یکپارچگی مناطق حفاظت‌شده انگوران در استان زنجان انجام شده است. در این راستا معیارهای ارزیابی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی در چهار مؤلفه تعریف شد که عبارتند از تهدیدات ساختاری، غیر زیستی، ترکیبی و خطر ایزوله بودن واحد‌ها. در بعد ساختاری، سه معیار ضریب فراکتال محیط واحدها، ضریب شکل واحدها و شیب متوسط مبنا قرار گرفت. در بعد ترکیبی، اقدام به ارزیابی زیستگاه با استفاده از روش شبکة عصبی مصنوعی شد. در بعد خطر، ایزوله بودن واحدها از شاخص نزدیک‌ترین همسایه استفاده شد. پس از تهیة نقشه‌های مذکور، اقدام به وزن‌دهی معیارها و شاخص‌ها شد. ارزیابی نهایی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی به سه روش ترکیب خطی وزن داده‌شده، میانگین وزنی مرتب‌شده و بولین صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد براساس روش ترکیب خطی وزن داده شده، 15995 هکتار از منطقة مورد مطالعه در محدودة خطر خیلی زیاد قرار دارد. این مقدار برای روش میانگین وزنی مرتب شده، 11634 هکتار و برای روش بولین، 17347 هکتار بود. به‌طور کلی روش بولین مقدار پهنه‌های با خطر زیاد و خیلی زیاد را بیشتر از دو روش دیگر برآورد کرده است. این مطالعه به ذینفعان کمک می­ کند تا با استفاده از رویکرد ارائه‌شده به شناسایی منابع تهدیدات علیه تنوع زیستی مناطق حفاظت‌شده پرداخته و برنامه­های کنترل و مدیریت این تهدیدات را به سرعت اتخاذ و اجرا نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Zoning of Angoran protected area with the approach of Multi-Criteria Evaluation and Landscape metrics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Ghorbanpoor
  • Fatemeh Rajaei
  • Jaber Azami

Department of Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Urban development and increasing economic activities lead to the disintegration of the integrity of protected areas and threaten their biodiversity. this study was conducted in Angoran protected area of Zanjan province to identify the spatial pattern of threats to biodiversity and the impact of development on the integrity of protected areas. In this regard, evaluation criteria of biodiversity threats were defined in four components, which are structural, non-biological, combined threats and the risk of units being isolated. In the structural dimension, the fractal coefficient, shape coefficient and the average slope were considered. In the combined dimension, the habitat was evaluated using the artificial neural network method. In terms of the risk of units being isolated, the nearest neighbor index was used. After preparing the mentioned maps, weighting of criteria was done. In final, biodiversity threats evaluation was done by three methods: weighted linear combination, ordered weighted average and Boolean. The results showed that according to the weighted linear combination method 15995 hectares of the studied area are in the range of very high risk. This value was for the ordered weighted average method 11634 hectares and for the Boolean method 17347 hectares. In general, the Boolean method has estimated the amount of high and very high-risk areas more than the other two methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Angoran protected area
  • Biodiversity threats
  • Landscape
  • Zoning
  • Protected area
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