نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

زون‏بندی منطقة حفاظت‌شدة انگوران با رویکرد ارزیابی چند معیاره و سنجه‌های سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم محیط زیست، دانشکدة علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.357382.2545

چکیده

توسعة شهری و افزایش فعالیت‌های اقتصادی منجر به از هم‌گسیختگی یکپارچگی مناطق حفاظت‌شده و تهدید تنوع زیستی آن­ها می ­شود. این مطالعه به‌منظور شناسایی الگوی مکانی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی و تأثیر توسعه بر یکپارچگی مناطق حفاظت‌شده انگوران در استان زنجان انجام شده است. در این راستا معیارهای ارزیابی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی در چهار مؤلفه تعریف شد که عبارتند از تهدیدات ساختاری، غیر زیستی، ترکیبی و خطر ایزوله بودن واحد‌ها. در بعد ساختاری، سه معیار ضریب فراکتال محیط واحدها، ضریب شکل واحدها و شیب متوسط مبنا قرار گرفت. در بعد ترکیبی، اقدام به ارزیابی زیستگاه با استفاده از روش شبکة عصبی مصنوعی شد. در بعد خطر، ایزوله بودن واحدها از شاخص نزدیک‌ترین همسایه استفاده شد. پس از تهیة نقشه‌های مذکور، اقدام به وزن‌دهی معیارها و شاخص‌ها شد. ارزیابی نهایی تهدیدات تنوع زیستی به سه روش ترکیب خطی وزن داده‌شده، میانگین وزنی مرتب‌شده و بولین صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد براساس روش ترکیب خطی وزن داده شده، 15995 هکتار از منطقة مورد مطالعه در محدودة خطر خیلی زیاد قرار دارد. این مقدار برای روش میانگین وزنی مرتب شده، 11634 هکتار و برای روش بولین، 17347 هکتار بود. به‌طور کلی روش بولین مقدار پهنه‌های با خطر زیاد و خیلی زیاد را بیشتر از دو روش دیگر برآورد کرده است. این مطالعه به ذینفعان کمک می­ کند تا با استفاده از رویکرد ارائه‌شده به شناسایی منابع تهدیدات علیه تنوع زیستی مناطق حفاظت‌شده پرداخته و برنامه­های کنترل و مدیریت این تهدیدات را به سرعت اتخاذ و اجرا نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Zoning of Angoran protected area with the approach of Multi-Criteria Evaluation and Landscape metrics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sajad Ghorbanpoor
  • Fatemeh Rajaei
  • Jaber Azami

Department of Environment, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Urban development and increasing economic activities lead to the disintegration of the integrity of protected areas and threaten their biodiversity. this study was conducted in Angoran protected area of Zanjan province to identify the spatial pattern of threats to biodiversity and the impact of development on the integrity of protected areas. In this regard, evaluation criteria of biodiversity threats were defined in four components, which are structural, non-biological, combined threats and the risk of units being isolated. In the structural dimension, the fractal coefficient, shape coefficient and the average slope were considered. In the combined dimension, the habitat was evaluated using the artificial neural network method. In terms of the risk of units being isolated, the nearest neighbor index was used. After preparing the mentioned maps, weighting of criteria was done. In final, biodiversity threats evaluation was done by three methods: weighted linear combination, ordered weighted average and Boolean. The results showed that according to the weighted linear combination method 15995 hectares of the studied area are in the range of very high risk. This value was for the ordered weighted average method 11634 hectares and for the Boolean method 17347 hectares. In general, the Boolean method has estimated the amount of high and very high-risk areas more than the other two methods.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Angoran protected area
  • Biodiversity threats
  • Landscape
  • Zoning
  • Protected area
Baboli H., Negahban S., 2021. Examining the form characteristics of the earth's surface based on morphometric indicators and using GIS. Case study: Fahlian watershed. Geography 19(68), 11-103. (In Persian)
Ben‐Hur, E., Kadmon, R., 2020. Heterogeneity–diversity relationships in sessile organisms: a unified framework. Ecology Letters 23(1), 193-207.
Carroll, C., Roberts, D.R., Michalak, J.L., Lawler, J.J., Nielsen, S.E., Stralberg, D., Wang, T., 2017. Scale‐dependent complementarity of climatic velocity and environmental diversity for identifying priority areas for conservation under climate change. Global Change Biology 23(11), 4508-4520.
Carver, S.J., 1991. Integrating multi-criteria evaluation with geographical information systems. International Journal of Geographical Information System 5(3), 321-339.
Chi, Y., Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Xie, Z., Gao, J., 2020. Island protected area zoning based on ecological importance and tenacity. Ecological Indicators 11, 106139.
Dashti, S.A., Khan Mohammadi, M., 2019. Recreational zoning of Hasan Abad Sanandaj Forest Park with multi-criteria evaluation method and Makhdoom model. Environmental Sciences and Technology 22, 155-144. (in Persian)
Hamidah, M., Mohd Hasmadi, M., Chua, L., 2022. Pakhriazad.Development of a protocol for Malaysian Important Plant Areas criterion weights using Multi-criteria Decision Making – Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDM-AHP). Global Ecology and Conservation 34, e02033.
Jia, R., Gao, J., Gao, F., 2022. Robust ocean zoning for conservation, fishery and marine renewable energy with co-location strategy. Applied Energy 328 (15), 120166.
 Kharikhah, Q., Nasim Jozi, S.A., 2022. Presenting a new model of zoning in protected areas with an emphasis on the assessment of habitat connections in the central Alborz ram and ewe habitat of the Virgin protected area. Renewable Natural Resources Research 12 (1), 107-117. (In Persian)
Mirzaei, R., Ismaili Sari, A., Homami, H., 2014. Determining the spatial pattern of biodiversity threats at the surface of the land (case study: Golestan province). Applied Ecology 11 (4), 79-90. (In Persian)
Muradpanah, M., Muradpana, H., 2016. Zoning of Melosan protected area using GIS. Environmental Science and Technology Quarterly 19(4), 463-474. (In Persian)
Rajaei, F., Dahmardeh Behrooz, R., Ahmadisharaf, E., Galalizadeh, S., Dudic, B., Spalevic, V.,Novicevic, R., 2021. Application of Integrated Watershed Management Measures to Minimize the Land Use Change Impacts. Water 13(15), 2039.
Rajaei, F., Sari, A.E., Salmanmahiny, A., Delavar, M., Bavani, A.R.M., Srinivasan, R., 2017. Surface drainage nitrate loading estimate from agriculture fields and its relationship with landscape metrics in Tajan watershed. Paddy and Water Environment 15(3), 541-552.
Sarker, S., Rahman, M.M., Yadav, A.K., Islam, M.M., 2019. Zoning of marine protected areas for biodiversity conservation in Bangladesh through socio-spatial data. Ocean & Coastal Management 173, 114-122.
Shariati, B., Farashi, A., 2014. Protective zoning of Kolah Ghazi National Park with a multi-criteria evaluation approach. Environmental Science and Bioengineering 57, 75-82. (In Persian)
Sharifi, N., Danekar, A., Khorasani, N., 1400. Development of a model for the zoning of protected areas based on Shannon's entropy multi-criteria decision-making technique (case study: Mangrove Protected Area). Environmental Science and Technology 3(1), 43-61. (In Persian)
Shereta, M., Piman, T., Grunbuhel, G., 2022. Prioritizing key biodiversity areas for conservation based on threats and ecosystem services using participatory and GIS-based modeling in Chindwin River Basin, Myanmar. Ecosystem Services 48, 101244.
Teng, M., Huang, C., Wang, P., Zeng, L., Zhou, Z., Xiao, W., Liu, C., 2019. Impacts of forest restoration on soil erosion in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China. Science of The Total Environment 697, 134164.
Vardarman, J., Berchová‐Bímová, K., Pěknicová, J., 2018. The role of protected area zoning in invasive plant management. Biodiversity and Conservation 27(8), 1811-1829.
Venier C., Menegon S., Possingam S., 2021. Multi-objective zoning for aquaculture and biodiversity. Science of The Total Environment 785(1), 146997.
Wang, Y., Yang, H., Qi, D., Songer, M., Bai, W., Zhou, C., Zhang, J., Huang, Q., 2021. Efficacy and management challenges of the zoning designations of China's national parks. Biological Conservation 254, 108962.
Yager, R.R., 1988. On ordered weighted averaging aggregation operators in multicriteria decisionmaking. IEEE Transactions on systems, Man, and Cybernetics 18(1), 183-190.
Yang, S., Fang Q., Zhu S., 2022. Marine spatial planning for transboundary issues in bays of Fujian, China: A hierarchical system. Ecological Indicators 136, 108622.
نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 76، ویژه نامه مناطق تحت حفاظت
بهمن 1402
صفحه 15-28