ارزیابی کیفیت زیستگاه حیات وحش به‌منظور شناسایی لکه‌های زیستگاهی کلیدی با رویکرد بوم‌شناسی سیمای سرزمین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه ملایر، ملایر، همدان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2023.355036.2525

چکیده

تنوع زیستی به‌عنوان یکی از خدمات اکوسیستمی پشتیبان حیات، تأثیر به‌سزایی در پایداری بوم ­سازگان دارد. چالش اصلی مدیریت سرزمین، اختصاص منابع کارآمد برای حفظ منابع طبیعی و بیشینه ­سازی ارزش تنوع زیستی است. از این­ رو ارزیابی مکانی ارزش ­های تنوع زیستی، ابزاری مهم در شناسایی مناطق کلیدی مناسب حفاظت و تعیین اولویت­ های حفاظتی است. در این مطالعه، کیفیت زیستگاه گونه ­های دارای ارزش حفاظتی استان همدان شامل قوچ و میش (Ovis orientalis)، کل و بز (Capra aegagrus)، خرس قهوه­ای (Ursus arctos) و سیاه­ گوش (Lynx lynx) به‌عنوان شاخصی از تنوع زیستی منطقه با بکارگیری داده ­های کاربری/پوشش زمین و استفاده از نرم ­افزار InVEST مدل­ سازی شد. در گام بعد، با استفاده از روش تناسب ناحیه ­ای سرزمین در محیط نرم­افزار ایدریسی، مناسب­ ترین پهنه‌ها برای حفاظت تعیین گردید. سرانجام، اولویت­ بندی مناطق حفاظتی با استفاده از معیارهای سیمای سرزمین انجام شد. براساس نتایج، حدود 31 % از سطح استان دارای مطلوبیت بالا برای زیستگاه گونه­ های هدف است که به‌طور عمده قسمت مرکزی و جنوبی استان را شامل می­ شود. این مناطق به‌ترتیب در برگیرندة 39، 74، 16 و 15 پهنة زیستگاهی برای گونه ­های کل و بز، قوچ و میش، خرس قهوه ­ای و سیاه‌گوش است. تحلیل سنجه ­های سیمای سرزمین نیز نشان داد که لکه ­های دارای پیوستگی، تراکم و چین ­خوردگی بیشتر از ارزش حفاظتی بالاتری برخوردار هستند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان ­دهندة قابلیت بالای سنجه­ های سیمای سرزمین در اولویت­ بندی لکه ­های حفاظتی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Habitat quality assessment of wild life to identify key habitat patches using landscape ecology approach

نویسنده [English]

  • Sedighe Abdollahi

Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Malayer University, Malayer, Hamedan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Biodiversity as one of the life support ecosystem services has a great impact on the ecosystem's sustainability. The main challenge of land management is to allocate efficient resources to conserve natural resources and maximize the value of biodiversity. Therefore, spatial assessment of biodiversity values is a crucial tool in identifying key areas for conservation and setting conservation priorities. In this study, the habitat quality of species having conservation value in Hamedan province including wild sheep (Ovis orientalis), wild goat (Capra aegagrus), brown bear (Ursus arctos) and Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) were modeled by applying land use/cover data and using InVEST software as the study area biodiversity indicators. In the next step, using the Zonal Land Suitability analysis in the IDRISI environment, the most suitable areas for conservation were determined and finally, the conservation zones were prioritized applying landscape criteria. The results showed that approximately, 35% of the province has high suitability for target species habitats, which mainly involves the central and southern part of the province, including 39, 74, 16 and 15 habitat zones for wild goat, wild sheep, brown bear and Eurasian lynx respectively. Landscape metrics analysis also revealed that, patches having more contiguity, density and fractal dimension involve a higher conservation value. The results of this study, indicate the high capability of landscape metrics in conservation patches prioritization. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Conservation planning
  • Habitat quality
  • Hamedan Province
  • Zonal land suitability
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