نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تاثیرتاثیر لئوناردیت (Leonardite) بر سینتیک واجذب فلزات سنگین در خاک‌های آلوده با مواد مادری متفاوت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضوهیات علمی گروه علوم خاک

2 استاد گروه علوم خاک دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آنکارا- ترکیه

3 گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهیدچمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

چکیده

لئوناردیت (Leonardite) منشأ هیومیک و فولویک اسید بوده و حاوی گروه‌های عاملی کمپلکس کننده عناصر سنگین می‌‌باشد. به منظور بررسی تاثیر لئوناردیت در سینتیک دفعی کادمیوم (Cd)، روی (Zn) و سرب (Pb) در خاک‌هایی با منشأ مواد مادری متفاوت، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 2 فاکتور: 1. نوع خاک (سینیت (Syenite)، شیست (Schist) و گابرو (Gabbro)) و 2. سطح لئوناردیت (0، 2 و 5 درصد) با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. جهت اجرای آزمایش ابتدا خاک‌ها با عناصر سنگین مورد مطالعه آلوده شدند و پس از اضافه کردن لئوناردیت، نمونه‌برداری در فاصله زمانی 2، 24، 48 ساعت، 7، 15، 30، 45، 60 و 90 روز انجام شد. برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی، کانی شناسی (XRD) و سینتیک واجذب فلزات سنگین در سطوح مختلف لئوناردیت انجام شد. مقدار واجذب عناصر در نمونه‌های تیمار شده با لئوناردیت، با گذشت زمان کاهش یافت. پس از برازش داده‌ها بر معادلات سینتیکی، مدل تابع نمایی و پخشیدگی پارابولیک با ضریب تبیین بالا (R2) و خطای استاندارد کمتر انتخاب گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد ترکیب و نوع کانی‌های رسی خاک‌ها متفاوت بود. بر اساس آزمایش‌های سینتیکی مقدار واجذب فلزات بین سطوح مختلف لئوناردیت و همچنین خاک‌های مورد مطالعه اختلاف معنی‌دار داشت و بیشترین مقدار واجذب (a و b) عناصر در خاک حاصله از سینیت مشاهده گردید. همچنین به دلیل کمتر بودن pH و ظرفیت تبادل کاتیونی خاک سینیت، ضریب پخشیدگی (Kd) نسبت به سایر خاک‌ها افزایش چشم‌گیری برای فلزات سنگین مورد مطالعه نشان داد. بر این اساس کاربرد لئوناردیت باید با توجه به ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک‌ها صورت گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Leonardite on the desorption kinetics of heavy metals in in contaminated soils with different maternal materials

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Dovlati 1
  • Sonay Sözü doğru Ok 2
  • Neda Moradi 3

1 Assistance Professor, Department of Soil Science, Urmia University

2 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.

3 Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

چکیده [English]

Leonardite is containing humic and fulvic acids, and possesses number of functional groups that play an important role on forming complex with heavy. In order to investigate the effect of Leonardite on the desorption kinetics of Cd, Zn and Pb in soils with different maternal sources, an experiment was conducted as a factorial based on a completely randomized design with two factors: 1. soil type (Syenite, Schist and Gabbro) and 2. Leonardite levels (0, 2 and 5%) in three replications. To carry out the experiment, soils were spiked with studied heavy metals and after adding Leonardite, samples were taken at 2, 24, 48, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days. Some physical and chemical properties, mineralogy (XRD) and desorption kinetics of heavy metals were performed at different levels of Leonardite. The amount of metals desorption in the sample treated with Leonardite decreased with time. Kinetics equations of exponential function, exponential function and parabolic diffusion were selected with a high coefficient of explanation (R2) and the lowest standard error (SE). The results showed that the composition and type of clay minerals were different. According to kinetics studies, the amount of metal desorption was significant between the different levels of Leonardite as well as the soils studied and the highest amount of desorption (a and b) of the heavy metals was observed in the Syenite soil.So, due to lower pH and CEC of Syenite soil, diffusion coefficient (Kd) showed a significant increase for the heavy metals (Cd,Pb and Zn) in comparison with other soils. Thus, Leonardite application must on the basis economic and physical and chemical properties of soil will be done.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Leonardite
  • Cadmium
  • Zinc
  • Lead
  • desorption kinetic
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 23-36