نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین، سرب و منگنز در خاک‌های اطراف کارخانه سیمان یاسوج

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشگاه فسا

3 دانشگاه یاسوج

چکیده

انتشارات اتمسفری از کارخانجات سیمان، یکی از منابع اصلی آلودگی محیط زیست است. فلزات سنگین از جمله مهمترین عناصر منتشر شده در طول فرایند صنعت سیمان به شمار می‌آید. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی وضعیت آلودگی فلزات سنگین سرب و منگنز در اراضی اطراف کارخانه سیمان یاسوج بود. بدین‌منظور تعداد 61 نمونه خاک از عمق 0-30 سانتی‌متری از خاک اطراف کارخانه نمونه-برداری شد. ویژگی‌های مختلف خاک شامل غلظت کل فلزات سرب، منگنز، پ‌هاش، هدایت الکتریکی خاک، کربن آلی و کربنات کلسیم معادل اندازه‌گیری شد. به منظور بررسی نرمال بودن داده‌ها از آزمون کلموگروف-اسمیرنوف استفاده شد. در سری داده‌های نرمال از روش کریجینگ برای تهیه نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی استفاده شد. در سری داده‌های غیر نرمال از روش IDW1 برای تهیه نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی استفاده شد. مقادیر pH از 72/3 تا 02/8، هدایت الکتریکی از 07/0 تا 96/0، ماده آلی از 82/0 تا 19/2 و کربنات کلسیم معادل از 44/18 تا 54 درصد بدست آمد. مقادیر سرب در نمونه‌های خاک در دامنه‌ی 25/2 تا 75/168 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و مقادیر منگنز در دامنه‌ی 45 تا 708 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم متغیر بودند. نتایج پهنه‌بندی در منطقه مورد مطالعه نشان داد بیشترین مقدار سرب و منگنز در محدوده داخل کارخانه می‌باشد. مقادیر سرب و منگنز در تعدادی از نمونه‌های برداشت شده در محدوده داخل کارخانه بیشتر از مقدار استاندارد جهانی USEPA2 بود و این نمایانگر مقدار تجمع این فلزات در خاک و آلایندگی این کارخانه می‌باشد. با توجه به این نتایج، توصیه می‌شود که اقدامات زیست محیطی خط تولید سیمان برای کاهش انتشار آلاینده‌ها انجام شود. همچنین مهم است که فعالیت‌های پاکسازی در خاک به منظور کاهش سطوح سرب و منگنز برای جلوگیری از بلایای طبیعی زیست محیطی انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of heavy metals contamination, lead and manganese in the around soils of Yasouj Cement Factory

نویسندگان [English]

  • Esfandiar Jahantab 2
  • Majid Gholamzadeh 3

1

2

3 Yasouj University

چکیده [English]

Atmospheric emissions from cement industry are one of the major sources of environmental pollution. Heavy metals are among the most relevant substances emitted during the process of cement manufacture. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contamination of heavy metals of lead and manganese in the lands around the Yasouj Cement Factory. Sixty one soil samples of land around the factory were sampled at depths of 0-30 cm. Some soil properties such as total concentration of lead, manganese, acidity (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter and calcium carbonate equivalent were measured. To verify the normality of the data the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used. In the normal data series, Kriging method was used to prepare zoning maps. In an abnormal data series, the IDW method was used to prepare zoning maps. PH values ranged from 3.72 to 8.02, the electrical conductivity ranged from 0.07 to 0.96, the organic matter ranged from 0.82 to 2.19 and calcium carbonate equivalent ranged from 18.44 to 54 percent. Lead concentrations in soil samples varied from 2.25 to 168.75 mg kg-1 and manganese values ranged from 45 to 708 mg kg-1. The results of zoning in the study area showed that the highest amount of lead and manganese are inside the factory. The levels of lead and manganese in a number of samples harvested within the factory were higher than the global standard of USEPA, that indicating the accumulation of these metals in the soil and contamination of this factory. From these findings, it is highly recommended that environmental auditing of the cement production line be carried out to reduce the release of pollutants. It is also important that remediation activities be carried out on the soil to reduce the levels of lead and manganese to avert potential ecological disasters.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Soil contamination
  • heavy metals
  • Yasouj Cement Factory
  • environmental auditing
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 37-48