نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

کاربرد شاخص ها در ارزیابی کیفیت و برآورد خطر بوم شناختی بالقوه فلزات در رسوبات سطحی رودخانه بهشت آباد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بوم‌شناسی آبزیان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد ، ایران

چکیده

فلزات سنگین از جمله آلاینده‌هایی محسوب می‌شوند که از طریق منابع متعدد انسان‌ساخت یا طبیعی به‌صورت مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم وارد پیکره‌های آبی می‌شوند. رودخانه بهشت‌آباد یکی از منابع آبی مهم در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری می‌باشد. تحقیق حاضر به‌منظور ارزیابی میزان فلزات سنگین (آرسنیک، کادمیوم، کروم، مس، سرب و روی) در رسوب رودخانه بهشت‌آباد چهارمحال و بختیاری طراحی شده است. نمونه‌های رسوب در دو دوره به‌صورت سالانه از 6 سانتی‌متر بالایی بستر جمع‌آوری شد. نمونه‌های رسوب، درون جعبه‌های یونولیتی حاوی یخ در دمای 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد به آزمایشگاه منتقل شدند. غلظت کل عناصر آرسنیک، کادمیوم، کروم، مس، سرب و روی پس از عصاره‌گیری با دستگاه ICP-MASS تعیین شد. توصیف آماری نتایج با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS انجام شد. غلظت متوسط آرسنیک، کادمیوم، کروم، مس، سرب و روی به ترتیب: 34/1، 18/0، 96/25، 51/11، 7/9 و 57/29 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم بود که کمتر از حد سمیت می‌باشد. با توجه به نتایج شاخص خطر بالقوه بوم‌شناختی، فاکتور آلودگی، شاخص زمین‌شیمیایی و فاکتور غنی‌شدگی، بر اساس غلظت زمینه، آلودگی قابل‌توجه و شدید از فلزات سنگین در رسوبات رودخانه مشاهده نشد. غلظت مس در برخی از ایستگاه‌های مطالعاتی اثر زیستی نامطلوب بر موجودات آبزی دارد. به‌طور کلی منشا فلزات سنگین در رسوبات رودخانه بهشت‌آباد با توجه به نتایج حاصل، منشا طبیعی بوده و برای پیشگیری از ایجاد آلودگی باید از ورود آلاینده‌های بر اثر پسآب کشاورزی و پرورش ماهی و فاضلاب‌های خانگی به رودخانه پیشگیری کرد.
واژگان کلیدی:

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of indices in assessing quality and estimating potential ecological risk of metals in surface sediments of the Beheshtabad River

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrsa Najafi 1
  • Rasool Zamani-Ahmadmahmoodi 2
  • Fardin Shaluei 2

1 Master of Science Student in Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, Shahrekord University, Iran

2 Assistant professor of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Science, Shahrekord University, Iran

چکیده [English]

Heavy metals are among the pollutants that come into the aquifer through direct or indirect sources of man-made or natural materials. Beheshtakad River is one of the most important water sources in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. The present study was designed to evaluate the amount of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc) in the sediment of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Beheshtabat River. The sediment samples were collected in two periods each year from a height of 6 cm above the bed. The sediment samples were transferred to the laboratory in an ice-free box at 4 ° C. The concentration of total arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc elements was determined by ICP-MASS. Descriptive statistics were performed using SPSS software. The average concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and zinc were 1.34, 0.18, 25.96, 11.51, 9.7 and 29.57 mg / kg, which were less toxic. According to the results of the potential ecological risk index, contamination factor, geochemical index and enrichment factor, there was no significant and severe pollution of heavy metals in river sediments based on the background concentration. The concentration of copper in some study stations has an adverse biological effect on aquatic organisms. Generally, the origin of heavy metals in the sediments of the Beheshtabad River is natural due to the results, and to prevent contamination, the prevention of the input of pollutants due to agricultural production and fish farming and household sewage to the river was prevented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ecological risk assessment
  • Sediment
  • Beheshtabad River
  • Heavy Metals
  • ICPMASS
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 73، شماره 1
فروردین 1399
صفحه 155-167