نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مطالعه کروموزومی گیاه یونجه زرد (Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.) تحت آلودگی معدن سرب و روی زه آباد قزوین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

گونه گیاهی یونجه زرد (Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.) به طور طبیعی در نزدیکی معدن سرب و روی زه‌آباد در استان قزوین رشد می‌کند. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین میزان آلودگی سرب و روی در آب و خاک محل نمونه‌برداری و بررسی تاثیر طولانی مدت این آلاینده‌ها در رفتار میوزی و نازایی دانه‌های گرده در گونه یونجه زرد می‌باشد. آنالیز شیمیایی آب و خاک محل نمونه‌برداری به روش ICP-MS نشان دهنده وجود فلزات سنگین سرب و روی با غلظتی بسیار بیشتر از حد استاندارد می‌باشد. اثر خاک و آب آلوده به فلزات سنگین سرب و روی بر روی گیاه یونجه زرد با مطالعه درصد ناهنجاری‌های میوزی در سلول‌های مادر دانه گرده، مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. با توجه به افزایش ناهنجاری‌های میوزی، کاهش شاخص‌میوزی و کاهش توانایی حیات دانه‌های گرده در گیاه آلوده، نتایج نشان داد که خاک و آب آلوده به فلزات سنگین دارای اثرات قابل ملاحظه‌ای بر روی تقسیم میوزی سلول‌های مادر گرده در گیاه آلوده نسبت به گیاه شاهد می‌باشند و می توانند باعث سمیت ژنتیکی در گیاه مورد مطالعه شوند. این داده‌ها نشان می‌دهد که گیاه یونجه زرد از نظر میوزی پایدار نمی‌باشد. به طور کلی سلول‌های مادر گرده در نمونه‌های آلوده افزایش ناهنجاری‌هایی مانند چسبندگی کروموزوم، B کروموزوم، پل، لاگارد، میکرونوکلئوس، سیتومیکسیس و سه‌قطبی را نشان دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

chromosomal study of yellow sweet-clover (Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam.) under heavy metals pollution of lead and zinc mine of Zeh Abad, Qazvin

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Hajmoradi 1
  • َAlireza Taleb Beydokhti 2

1 Department of Biology, Faculty of science, Payame-Noor University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Geology, Imam Khomeini International University, Quzvin, Iran

چکیده [English]

Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. belonging to Fabaceae growing in the vicinity of zinc and lead mine around Zeh abad village, Qazvin province, Iran. The aim of this study is determination of amount of zinc and lead pollution in sampled soil and water and find out how M. officinalis is affected by a long-term exposure to pollutants focusing on the meiotic behavior of pollen mother cells (PMCs) and pollen fertility. The chemical analysis of soil and water samples from the studied area by the ICP-MS indicates presence of lead and zinc in a concentration much higher than the standard. The results revealed that polluted soil and water with heavy metals had a significant impeding effect on the division of PMCs in M. officinalis as noticed by the increase in meiosis abnormality percentage, decrease in meiotic index (MI) and pollen fertility compared to the control and can lead to genotoxicity in under study plant. The present data indicate that this species is not meiotically stable. In general, the pollen mother cells of specimen grown in polluted soil exhibited an increased incidence of chromosome stickiness, B-chromosomes, chromosome bridges, laggard chromosomes, micronuclei, cytomixis and formation of tripolar cells.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • chromosomal study
  • lead
  • yellow sweet-clover
  • Zinc
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 72، شماره 2
تیر 1398
صفحه 199-212