بررسی تفاوتهای ریخت‌شناختی جمجمه پلنگ ایرانی(Panthera pardus saxicolor) در زاگرس و نواحی کوهستانی شمال و شمال شرقی کشور به روش ریخت‌سنجی هندسی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زیستگاهها و تنوع زیستی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 دانشگاه تهران

3 دنشگاه تهران. بیولوژی و اکولوژی ماهی.

4 استاد گروه زیستگاهها و تنوع زیستی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران.

5 دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کارشناس ارشد محیط زیست.

چکیده

پلنگ ایرانی بزرگترین گربه‌سان ایران است که در اکثر نواحی ایران، به جز مناطق کویری زندگی می‌کند. نواحی کوهستانی واقع در شمال و شمال شرقی کشور و همچنین رشته کوه زاگرس را میتوان مهمترین نواحی پراکنش این گونه در ایران قلمداد نمود. با توجه به تفاوت در اقلیم، تیپهای پوشش گیاهی و نوع طعمه‌های متفاوت پلنگ، همچنین از هم‌ گسیختگی زیستگاه‌های یکپارچه بین این دو منطقه، بروز تفاوتهای ریختی در بین پلنگهای این دو ناحیه محتمل به نظر می‌رسد. از این رو الگوی ریختی شکل جمجمه پلنگ با استفاده از روش ریخت‌سنجی هندسی لندمارک پایه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. برای انجام تحلیل شکل، تعداد 41 جمجمه پلنگ از گستره وسیعی از پراکنش گونه تهیه و در سه نمای پشتی، شکمی و جانبی عکسبرداری و لندمارک‌های مورد نظر جانمایی شدند. از تحلیل پروکراست برای حذف اثر پارامترهای غیر شکل جایگاه لندمارک‌ها و از آنالیز تابع تشخیص برای بررسی نحوه تفکیک‌پذیری نمونه‌ها استفاده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد جمجه پلنگهای این دو ناحیه از نظر ریختی متفاوت بوده و بیشترین تفاوتها را در ناحیه کمان زیگومات، استخوان پس‌سری و شروع استخوان بینی در پیشانی نشان می‌دهند. تفاوتهای ریخت‌شناختی جمجمه پلنگ در این دو ناحیه را میتوان ناشی از الگوی رشد آلومتری متفاوت، تاثیر ویژگی‌های زیستگاهی متفاوت و یا تفاوت در ساختار ژنتیکی جمعیتهای پلنگ در این دو ناحیه از ایران قلمداد نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Cranial morphometric variations of Persian leopard (Panthera pardus saxicolor) from the Zagros mountains and northern and northeastern mountainous areas based on Geometric morphometric analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • sajad tavakoli 1
  • Mohammad Kaboli 2
  • Mohsen Ahmadi 5

1 wild life expert

2

3

4

5

چکیده [English]

Persian leopard is considered as the largest feline in Iran, which has the wide distribution along the Alborz and the Zagros mountains. Considering the differences in climate, vegetation types, dietary habits, as well as the substantial fragmentation in their habitats in the two mountainous areas, morphological variation of the species in the two areas it looks probable. A landmark-based geometric morphometric analysis was performed using high quality 2D pictures from the dorsal, lateral, and ventral views of 42 Persian leopardʼs skulls. Procrust Analysis was used to remove the effect of none-shape parameters in landmark points and Discriminant Analysis was carried out to verify the differences between skulls in the two study areas. Our results revealed that the skulls of the two ranges of mountains are different in their overall shape, as we found the significant differences in zygomatic arch, occipital bone and nasal suture of frontal bone between the two dataset. This could be resulted from different allometric growth pattern, habitat characteristics and environmental parameters, and genetic variation among the populations of the species in this two geographic ranges.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • skull morphometry
  • Persian leopard
  • shape analysis
  • landmark.‎
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