نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

میزان جذب فلز سنگین Cd در کبد ماهی گورخری در دو محیط آب شور و شیرین

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف از این پژوهش، مقایسۀ میزان جذب فلز سنگین Cd در بافت کبد ماهی اندمیک Aphanius sophiae در دو محیط آب شور منطقۀ اشتهارد کرج و آب شیرین در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، بررسی رابطۀ طول و تجمع کادمیوم در کبد، تعیین اثر متقابل شوری و غلظت‏های متفاوتCd در میزان جذب است. نمونه‌برداری به روش تصادفی از رودخانۀ اشتهارد در فصل بهار و تابستان 1390 انجام شد. پس از 18 روز نگهداری و تغذیه در 4 تانک آکواریومی با غلظت‏های 0 ،5 ،10 و ppm 20 کادمیوم، از ماهی‏ها نمونه‏برداری انجام شد. پس از بیومتری و تعیین جنسیت، بافت کبد ماهی‏ها جدا و با روش هضم اسیدی‌تر حل شدند و برای اندازه‏گیری مقادیر فلزات نیز از دستگاه ICPOES استفاده شد. در آنالیز نمونه‏های گرفته‌شده از تانک‏های آکواریومی حاوی آب شور 24‌درصد از نمونه‏ها نر و 76‌درصد ماده بودند و در آب شیرین 35‌درصد از نمونه‏ها نر و 65‌درصد ماده بودند. متوسط طول ماهی‏ها در آب شور 3/0± 4/3 و در آب شیرین 17/0±77/2 بود. درصد تلفات پس از قرار‌گرفتن ماهی‏ها در آکواریم‏های حاوی آب شیرین 56‌درصد بود و در آب شور تلفات در طول دورۀ آزمایش مشاهده نشد. آنالیز رگرسیون، رابطه‏ای بین غلظت کادمیوم در کبد و طول بدن و سن ماهی در آب شور و شیرین نشان نداد. به‌طور‌کلی، تجمع فلز کادمیوم در کبد در آب شیرین 47/1 برابر میزان تجمع در آب شور بود. برای بررسی اختلاف تجمع Cd در دو محیط آب شیرین و شور آزمون T-test انجام شد، نتایج نشان‌دهندۀ معنا‏دار نبودن اختلاف غلظت Cd در دو محیط بود. اثر دو محیط با استفاده از آنالیز Split plot در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و آزمون دانکن بررسی شد. جدول تجزیۀ واریانس نشان داد که بین کادمیوم و شوری اثر متقابل وجود ندارد. در بررسی روند تجمع کادمیوم با افزایش غلظت در آب شور و شیرین نشان داد در تمامی غلظت‏ها (به‌جز 20 آب شیرین) با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم تجمع نیز افزایش می‏یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparison of Heavy Metal Uptake of Cd in Liver of Zebra fish in Saltwater and Freshwater Environments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoumeh Ariyaee 1
  • Amir Hossein Hamidian Hamidian 2
  • Soheil Egdari 3
  • Sohrab Asharfi 2

1 MSc. Student, Faclty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Faclty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faclty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, I. R. Iran

چکیده [English]

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the heavy metal uptake of Cd in liver tissue of endemic fish Aphanius sophiae in the saltwater Eshtehard of Karaj and fresh water in laboratory conditions, the relationship between cadmium accumulation in the liver, the effect of salinity and different concentrations of Cd uptake. Sampling did randomly from Salt River in the spring and summer 2011. After 18 days storage and feeding in 4 aquarium tank with concentrations ppm (20, 10, 5, 0) cadmium, the fish were sampled. After biometry and sex determination, liver tissue was isolated and were dissolved with the wet acid digestion method, thus The concentrations of the Cd were measured using ICP-OES. In the analysis of samples taken from tanks containing salt water aquarium 24 percent were male and 76 percent of the samples were female and in fresh water aquarium 35% of the sample were male and 65 percent were female. The average length of fish in salt water 3/4 ± 0/3 and in fresh water 2/77 ± 0/17. Mortality percent after exposure to fresh water Aquarium was 56% and Mortality in salt water water did not observed during the test period. Regression analysis don't show, the relationship between cadmium concentrations in liver and fish body length and age in saltwater and freshwater. The accumulation of cadmium in the liver in fresh water 1/47 more than the concentration in the saltwater. To examine differences in Cd accumulation in both freshwater and saltwater environments, T-test was performed, results showed no significant difference in Cd concentrations in the two environments. Environmental impact by using Split plot analysis in completely randomized design and Duncan test were investigated. Table Analysis of variance showed that there is no interaction between cadmium and salinity. Cadmium accumulation in fresh and salt water at all concentrations (except 20 freshwater) increased with increasing concentrations of cadmium.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cd
  • Aphanius sophiae
  • Liver
  • Accumulation
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 67، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
دی 1393
صفحه 355-365