نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

پهنه‌بندی و تحلیل الگوی مکانی شدت قرارگیری در معرض مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه در اکوسیستم‌های کوهستانی (مطالعة رویشگاه‌های جنگلی استان لرستان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه آموزش جغرافیا، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
2 مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
10.22059/jne.2026.418553.2931
چکیده
اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی کوهستانی زاگرس به‌دلیل قرارگیری در معرض طیف وسیعی از تنش‌های اقلیمی، ژئومورفولوژیکی و انسانی، از آسیب‌پذیرترین اکوسیستم‌های ایران در برابر مخاطرات محیطی محسوب می‌شوند. با وجود افزایش فراوانی و شدت مخاطرات محیطی در دهه‌های اخیر، اغلب مطالعات بر ارزیابی مخاطرات منفرد تمرکز داشته و الگوی فضایی قرارگیری جنگل‌ها در معرض مخاطرات چندگانه کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تحلیل فضایی و پهنه‌بندی شدت قرارگیری در معرض مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه در اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی استان لرستان انجام شد. بدین‌منظور، 9 مخاطرة اصلی شامل خشکسالی، تبخیر و تعرق، دمای حداکثر، آتش‌سوزی، گردوغبار، بادهای پرسرعت، زمین‌لغزش، سیلاب و گسترة اثرگذاری فضایی سکونتگاه‌های روستایی با استفاده از داده‌های سنجش از دور، اطلاعات اقلیمی و لایه‌های محیطی تهیه و پس از استانداردسازی و وزن‌دهی، در محیط سامانة اطلاعات جغرافیایی تلفیق شدند. نتایج نشان داد که شدت قرارگیری در معرض مخاطرات محیطی چندگانه از الگوی فضایی ناهمگنی برخوردار بوده و مقادیر آن بین 0/167 تا 0/590 متغیر است. پهنه‌های با شدت زیاد و بسیار زیاد عمدتاً در بخش‌های جنوبی، جنوب‌غربی و جنوب‌شرقی استان متمرکز بوده و حدود 46/64 درصد از رویشگاه‌های جنگلی استان، معادل نزدیک به 568 هزار هکتار، را شامل می‌شوند. در مقابل، پهنه‌های با شدت بسیار کم و کم عمدتاً در بخش‌های شمالی و شمال‌غربی استان پراکنش دارند. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که رویکرد چندمخاطره‌ای، چارچوبی کارآمد برای شناسایی کانون‌های بحرانی و اولویت‌بندی اقدامات حفاظتی و مدیریتی در جنگل‌های زاگرس فراهم می‌کند و می‌تواند به‌عنوان ابزاری مؤثر در برنامه‌ریزی سازگاری با تغییر اقلیم و مدیریت پایدار اکوسیستم‌های جنگلی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Spatial zoning and analysis of the spatial pattern of multi-hazard environmental exposure intensity in mountain ecosystems: a case study of forest stands in Lorestan province, Iran

نویسندگان English

Akram Nouri Kamari 1
Abolfazl Jaafari 2
1 Department of Geography Education, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The Zagros mountain forest ecosystems are among the most vulnerable ecosystems in Iran due to their exposure to a wide range of climatic, geomorphological, and anthropogenic stresses. Despite the increasing frequency and intensity of environmental hazards in recent decades, most previous studies have focused on individual hazards, while the spatial patterns of forest exposure to multiple interacting hazards have received considerably less attention. Therefore, this study aimed to spatially analyze and map the intensity of exposure to multiple environmental hazards across the forest ecosystems of Lorestan Province, western Iran. To achieve this objective, nine major environmental hazards, including drought, evapotranspiration, maximum temperature, wildfire, dust storms, high-speed winds, landslides, floods, and the spatial influence of rural settlements, were developed using remote sensing data, climatic information, and environmental datasets. After standardization and weighting, all hazard layers were integrated within a Geographic Information System (GIS) framework to generate a multi-hazard exposure index. The results revealed a pronounced spatial heterogeneity in multi-hazard exposure intensity, with index values ranging from 0.167 to 0.590. Areas characterized by high and very high exposure were predominantly concentrated in the southern, southwestern, and southeastern parts of the province and encompassed approximately 46.64% of the forest ecosystems, equivalent to nearly 568,000 ha. In contrast, areas with very low and low exposure intensities were mainly distributed across the northern and northwestern regions of the province. The findings demonstrate that a multi-hazard approach provides an effective framework for identifying environmental hotspots and prioritizing conservation and management interventions in the Zagros forests. Furthermore, the proposed framework can serve as a valuable decision-support tool for climate change adaptation planning and the sustainable management of mountain forest ecosystems.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

;">Multi-hazard assessment, Environmental hotspots, Forest vulnerability, ;">Mountain ecosystems, ;">Climate change adaptation.
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