نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی مقایسه‎ای مطالعات حوزة نظر و عمل در اولویت‎بندی چالش‌های محیط‌زیستی شهرهای کوهستانی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه شهرسازی، دانشکدة هنر و معماری، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
10.22059/jne.2026.415293.2918
چکیده
شهرهای اقلیم کوهستانی ایران به‌دلیل ویژگی‌های خاص طبیعی و الگوهای توسعة شهری، با چالش‌های محیط‌زیستی متعددی مواجه هستند که شدت آنها تحت تأثیر عوامل طبیعی و انسانی قرار دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اولویت‌بندی این چالش‌ها، به مقایسة نتایج حاصل از مرور نظام‌مند ادبیات علمی و دیدگاه‌های متخصصان برنامه‌ریزی شهری و محیط‌زیست پرداخته است. این پژوهش از نظر روش‌شناسی، توصیفی-تحلیلی است. داده‌های مورد نیاز ابتدا با اتکا به چارچوب پریسما و جستجو در پایگاه‌های علمی گردآوری شد سپس با استفاده از تحلیل محتوای استقرایی، چالش‌ها استخراج و براساس میزان تکرار اولویت‌بندی گردیدند. در گام بعد، جهت سنجش دیدگاه متخصصان، از روش تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی (AHP) و پرسشنامة مقایسة زوجی استفاده شد. داده‌ها با میانگین هندسی تلفیق و در نرم‌افزار Super Decisions تحلیل گردید؛ همچنین سازگاری قضاوت‌ها از طریق نرخ ناسازگاری ارزیابی گردید. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که بین اولویت‌بندی چالش‌های محیط‌زیستی حاصل از مرور نظام‌مند و دیدگاه متخصصان همخوانی معنی‌داری وجود ندارد که این امر بیانگر شکاف میان حوزة نظر و عمل می­باشد. ادبیات علمی بیشتر بر مخاطرات طبیعی مانند سیلاب، زمین‌لغزش و آلودگی هوا تأکید دارد، در حالی‌که متخصصان مسائل ساختاری و مدیریتی نظیر آلودگی آب، تراکم جمعیت، مهاجرت، ترافیک و ضعف زیرساخت‌ها را در اولویت بالاتری قرار داده‌اند. این امر نشان می‌دهد متون پژوهشی بر پیامدهای مشهود تمرکز داشته، اما دیدگاه تخصصی، ریشه‌های انسانی و مدیریتی را تعیین‌کننده‌تر می‌داند. در نهایت، چالش‌های محیط‌زیستی این شهرها صرفاً ناشی از عوامل طبیعی نبوده و متأثر از الگوی توسعه است. دستیابی به پایداری مستلزم گذار از رویکرد بحران‌محور به برنامه‌ریزی یکپارچه، پیشگیرانه و تاب‌آور است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comparative analysis of theoretical and practical perspectives on prioritizing environmental challenges in mountainous climate cities of Iran

نویسندگان English

Elahe Azimi
Mohamadreza Noghanmohamadi
Samaneh Khosravani-Nezhad
Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
چکیده English

Mountainous climate cities in Iran face numerous environmental challenges due to their unique natural features and urban development patterns, the intensity of which is influenced by both natural and human factors. This study aims to prioritize these challenges by comparing the results of a systematic literature review with the perspectives of urban planning and environmental experts. In terms of methodology, this research is descriptive and analytical. The required data were first gathered based on the PRISMA framework by searching academic databases and the challenges were then extracted using inductive content analysis and prioritized according to their frequency. In the next step, the Analytic Hierarchy Process and a pairwise comparison questionnaire were utilized to assess the experts views. The data were aggregated using the geometric mean and analyzed in Super Decisions software, while the consistency of judgments was evaluated through the inconsistency rate. The results indicated a significant difference between the prioritization of challenges in scientific studies and the perspectives of experts. The academic literature emphasizes natural hazards such as floods, landslides, and air pollution, whereas experts place a higher priority on structural and managerial issues such as the water crisis, population density, migration, traffic, and infrastructural deficiencies. This suggests that while research texts focus on visible consequences, professional insight considers human and managerial roots to be more decisive. Ultimately, the environmental challenges of these cities are not solely driven by natural factors but are influenced by the pattern of development. Achieving sustainability requires a transition from a crisis-driven approach to integrated, proactive, and resilient planning.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

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