نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

تحلیل فضایی از کیفیت زیستگاه‌های تحت تأثیر عوارض انسان‌ساخت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه نوآوری و پایداری، دانشکدة حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه ارزیابی و مخاطرات محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکدة محیط‌زیست و توسعة پایدار، تهران، ایران.
3 گروه اقتصاد محیط‌زیست، پژوهشکدة محیط‌زیست و توسعة پایدار، تهران، ایران.
10.22059/jne.2026.411946.2897
چکیده
مناطق تحت حفاظت بهشدت در معرض تهدیدهای انسان‌ساخت هستند. استان زنجان نمونه‌ای بارز از این تقابل است. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی فضایی-کمّی تأثیر همزمان تهدیدهای انسان‌ساخت بر کیفیت زیستگاه‌های این استان و اولویت‌بندی حفاظتی، انجام شد. روش‌شناسی این مطالعه مبتنی بر مدل کیفیت نسبی زیستگاه در نرم‌افزار InVEST بود. منطق این مدل بر پایة محاسبة اثر تجمعی تهدیدها (شامل سکونتگاه‌های شهری، کاربری صنعتی، راه‌آهن، جاده‌های اصلی، فرعی، روستایی و اراضی کشاورزی) با در نظر گرفتن فاصله، وزن هر تهدید، حساسیت ذاتی انواع پوشش/کاربری زمین و نقش تعدیل‌کنندة مناطق تحت حفاظت استوار است. خروجی‌ها شامل نقشه‌های پیوستة تخریب تجمعی و کیفیت نسبی زیستگاه بودند. میانگین کیفیت زیستگاه در سطح استان 0/42 و میانگین درجة تخریب 0/18 است. پراکنش مکانی این دو شاخص رابطة معکوس آشکاری داشته است. هسته‌های با کیفیت بالا عمدتاً در جنگل‌های انبوه شمال شرق و مراتع متراکم شمال غرب متمرکز بوده‌اند، در حالیکه کانون‌های با شدت تخریب بالا، منطبق بر مناطق شهری، صنعتی و تقاطع شریان‌های ارتباطی اصلی بوده‌اند. ارزیابی کمّی چهار منطقة تحت حفاظت استان، مبنای تدوین یک چارچوب چهار سطحی نوآورانه برای اولویت‌بندی اقدامات مدیریتی قرار گرفت. شناسایی عرصه‌هایی با کیفیت زیستگاهی استثنایی در خارج مناطق حفاظتی موجود، شکاف آشکاری را نشان داد. مناطق تحت حفاظت استان زنجان علی‌رغم سطح قابل توجه، در برابر فشارهای بیرونی آسیب‌پذیر هستند. این نتایج، بهمعنای نفی ارزش‌های کنونی این مناطق حفاظت‌شده نیست، بلکه برای تخصیص بهینة منابع و اقدامات حفاظتی، پیشنهادهای سیاستی در اختیار مدیران می‌گذارد و ضرورت مطالعات تکمیلی را نشان می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Spatial analysis of habitat quality under the influence of anthropogenic features

نویسندگان English

Sayedeh Alemohammad 1
Ardavan Zarandian 2
Jalil Badamfirooz 3
1 Department of Innovation and Sustainability, Faculty of Governance, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Environmental Assessment and Risks, Research Center of Environment and Sustainable Development, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of Environmental Assessment and Risks, Research Center of Environment and Sustainable Development, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Protected areas are increasingly subjected to anthropogenic threats. Zanjan Province is a clear example of this conflict. This study aimed to spatially and quantitatively assess the simultaneous impact of anthropogenic threats on habitat quality across the province and to establish a conservation prioritization framework. The methodology was based on the Relative Habitat Quality model in InVEST software, calculating the cumulative effect of threats (including urban settlements, industrial land use, railways, main roads, secondary roads, rural roads, and agricultural lands) by considering distance, weight of each threat, inherent sensitivity of land cover types, and the moderating role of protected areas. Outputs included continuous maps of cumulative degradation and relative habitat quality. Average habitat quality in the province is 0.42, and average degradation degree is 0.18, exhibiting a clear inverse spatial relationship. High-quality cores were predominantly concentrated in dense northeastern forests and dense northwestern rangelands, while high-degradation hotspots coincided with urban and industrial areas and the intersections of major communication routes. A quantitative assessment of the four protected areas formed the basis for developing an innovative four-tiered framework for prioritizing management actions. Identifying areas of exceptional habitat quality outside existing protected areas revealed a clear gap. Zanjan's protected areas, despite their considerable coverage, are vulnerable to external pressures. These results do not negate the current values of these protected areas, but rather provide policy recommendations for optimal allocation of resources and conservation actions, while highlighting the need for further complementary studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

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