نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

اثر حمل‌و‌نقل هوایی بر انتشار آلودگی در قالب فرضیة محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس (شواهدی از کشورهای عضو بریکس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه اقتصاد منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2025.392165.2787

چکیده

صنعت حمل‌و‌نقل یکی از بخش­ های تأثیرگذار در اقتصاد هر کشوری بوده و از طرفی نقش آن در انتشار آلودگی برکسی پوشیده نیست. در این بین، حمل‌و‌نقل هوایی دومین تولیدکنندة بزرگ در انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای در این بخش بوده و تقریباً مسئول 2 تا 4 درصد از کل انتشارات انسانی است، انتشار کربن از بخش حمل‌و‌نقل هوایی خطرناک‌تر از سایر فعالیت‌های حمل‌ونقل است، زیرا هم ترکیب جو در ارتفاعات بالا را مخدوش می‌کند و هم غلظت گازهای گلخانه‌ای را در محیط سطح تشدید می‌کند بنابراین با توجه به این مهم، تحقیق حاضر به بررسی اثر حمل‌و‌نقل هوایی به‌همراه مصرف انرژی، رشد اقتصادی و جمعیت شهرنشینی بر انتشار گاز CO2 و در قالب فرضیة محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس می ­پردازد. برای رسیدن به این هدف اطلاعات کشورهای عضو بریکس طی سال­ های 1990 الی 2022 جمع ­آوری شده و از روش حداقل مربعات معمولی پویا (DOLS) برای برآورد استفاده شده است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که فرضیة محیط‌زیستی کوزنتس در طول دورة مورد بررسی، بین کشورهای عضو بریکس تأیید شده است. همچنین نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که حمل‌و‌نقل هوایی و مصرف انرژی اثر مثبت و شهرنشینی اثر منفی بر انتشار CO2 دارد. با توجه به نتایج، پیشنهاد می ­شود که از منابع انرژی پاک و سازگار با محیط‌زیست در بخش حمل‌و‌نقل استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of air transport on pollution emissions in the context of the environmental Kuznets hypothesis (evidence from BRICS countries)

نویسنده [English]

  • Maryam Asadpourkordi

Department of Economics of Natural Resources and Environment, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The transportation industry is one of the most influential sectors in the economy of any country, and its role in the spread of pollution is no secret to anyone. Meanwhile, aviation is the second largest producer of greenhouse gas emissions, responsible for approximately 2 to 4 percent of total human emissions. Carbon emissions from the aviation sector are more dangerous than other transportation activities, because they both distort the composition of the atmosphere at high altitudes and intensify the concentration of greenhouse gases in the surface environment. Therefore, considering this important issue, the present study examines the effect of aviation, along with energy consumption, economic growth, and urban population, on CO2 emissions, in the framework of the Kuznets environmental hypothesis. To achieve this goal, data from BRICS member countries from 1990 to 2022 were used and the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) method was used for estimation. The results of this study showed that the environmental Kuznets hypothesis was confirmed among BRICS member countries during the period under study. The results of this study also showed that air transport and energy consumption have a positive effect and urbanization has a negative effect on CO2 emissions. According to the results, it is suggested that clean and environmentally friendly energy sources be used in the transportation sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • CO2 emissions
  • Economic growth
  • Environment
  • Urbanization
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 78، شماره 1
خرداد 1404
صفحه 31-40