Evaluation of phytoremediation potential of elements with lead and cadmium toxicity potential in rangeland species Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina and Medicago sativa
Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Faculty member of Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2 Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Abstract
Elements with toxicity potential contain two classes of essential and non-essential elements that are significant in toxicological ecology. These elements have high stability and have the ability to cause toxicity in living organisms. Phytoremediation has been considered as one of the most appropriate and efficient methods to absorb these elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of different forage species to absorb elements with toxic potential and to be aware of the compatibility and resistance of each to contamination, a comparison between species with different biological conditions. This study was performed in a greenhouse environment and Dactylis glomerata, Festuca ovina and Medicago sativa species were considered. To measure elements with toxicity potential (lead and cadmium), dry ash extraction method was used. Also, to determine the phytoremediation potential of index plants. TF, BCF and BAC were used. In order to compare the data statistically, multivariate analysis of variance test in the form of general linear model was used and for multiple comparison of means, Duncan test was used. The results showed that Dactylis glomerata with increasing concentrations of lead (200 to 800 mg / kg) and cadmium (50 to 200 mg / kg) increased their concentration in shoots and roots by about 84% and 86%, respectively. And acts as an extractive and stabilizing plant for two elements. The root uptake of Medicago sativa increased with increasing lead concentration, and as a result, Medicago sativa is an extractive plant for both cadmium and lead. In Festuca ovina species, with increasing lead concentration, the rate of uptake by roots and shoots was 70% and 58%, respectively, and for cadmium was 79% and 73%, respectively, so the plant was a stabilizer for cadmium. In general, these species contribute to the accumulation and transport of elements with toxic potential and can be used to clean contaminated sites.
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