Journal of Natural Environment

Range- and depth averaged temperature measurement of the coastal sea using Acoustic Tomography technique

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

2 PhD student, Faculty of Water Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

3 Lab Affairs manager, Water research Institute, Tehran, Iran

4 Department of Water Resources Research, Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

In recent decades, rising sea temperatures have become one of the most important environmental hazards, endangering the lives of marine plants and creatures. Therefore, continuous, long-term, and real-time monitoring of sea water temperature is of great importance and can provide valuable information to environmental experts. Acoustic Tomography (AT) technology is one of the most effective tools for sea monitoring. AT systems are located around the aquatic environment and transmit sound waves simultaneously. Then, using the mean arrival time of the sound waves, the seawater temperature is calculated. In this study, the 10-kHz AT system was first tested in the Water Research Institutes’ channel and evaluated with a temperature sensor. The results showed that the water temperature between the two acoustic stations is 18 ˚C and corresponds exactly to the one of the temperature sensor. In the second experiment, the temperature of the water currents between the two islands was measured at a distance of approximately 4,500 m. The range- and depth averaged flow temperature passing between the two islands was measured per minute, and then using a moving average of 30 minutes (30 data), the temperature measurement error was reduced from 7.2 to 1.3 ˚C. The temperature during the measurement period was approximately 28 ˚C. Due to the existence of numerous islands in the Persian Gulf, the use of AT technique is recommended for continuous, long-term, and real-time monitoring of coastal temperature.

Keywords

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Journal of Natural Environment
Volume 73, Issue 4
March 2021
Pages 637-647