Optimization of photocatalytic degradation of dye in textile industrial wastewater using graphite carbon nitride under ultraviolet light
Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Nur, Iran.
10.22059/jne.2024.376910.2685
Abstract
The entry of colored wastewater with high content of organic pollutants from textile industries is one of the major problems for environmental organisms. The use of effective, economical, and environmentally friendly methods to eliminate or reduce the concentrations of these types of pollutants, especially in the industrial sector, is important. The present study aimed to optimize the dye removal process from textile industrial wastewater using graphite carbon nitride photocatalyst on a laboratory scale in a batch system. The initial pH, reaction time, and photocatalyst dose parameters were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) through response surface methodology (RSM) to achieve the highest level of color removal. The results of analysis using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and nitrogen adsorption and desorption (BET) showed that the synthesized photocatalyst had a two-dimensional structure with numerous pores and channels in which the C, N, and O elements were well distributed uniformly in the sample. The optimization results of the influencing parameters indicated that the efficiency of color removal has a significant relationship with the initial pH, photocatalyst dose, and reaction time parameters. The maximum efficiency of the graphite carbon nitride in dye removal from textile industrial wastewater is up to 97% at pH 4, a photocatalyst dose of 70 mg, and a reaction time of 100 minutes. The fitting of the proposed model showed good agreement (R2 = 0.968) between the actual and predicted values. The results of the study on the reusability of g-C3N4 photocatalyst also indicated that the synthesized photocatalyst in optimal conditions has a high recovery power and was able to maintain its performance over 10 consecutive cycles by more than 90%. The synthesized photocatalyst with high efficiency and eco-friendly can be considered as a suitable proposal for wastewater treatment in textile and dyeing industries.
Keywords
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