Journal of Natural Environment

investigation on soil heavy metals pollution rate around Isfahan petroleum and refinery Industries near Ghameshlou wildlife refuge

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Graduated MSc. Environmental science, Yazd University

2 Associate Natural Resources and Desert Studies faculty - ADRI, Yazd University

Abstract

Increasing in concentration of heavy metals such as Lead, Cadmium, Nickel, Chromium and Zinc cause considerable harmful effects on soil and environment. These elements are also hazardous to health of humans and wildlife. Petrochemical plants and refineries pollution increase the amount of carcinogenic and tratogenic compounds in environment. The main goal of recent paper is the studying of soil heavy metals pollution surrounding Isfahan refinery, power plant and petrochemical industries are located in margin of Ghamishlou wildlife refuge. In this study, 25 soil samples were collected from 105 km radius around the complex industries. Estimating the background values was executed by sampling rocks adjacent to soil sampling stations. Soil heavy metals were extracted with ISO11466 procedure, and were measured by flame AAS (Analyticjena-350). Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and Pollution Index (PIi) were determined and compared in different sample sites. Igeo and PIi in soil samples found to be in order of Cd>Pb>Ni>Zn>Cr. The result shows, in comparison of Igeo with PIi, in the same pollutant concentration, Igeo classifies the pollution in lower qualitative classes. In addition, also mCd and IPI detect different results to classify pollution. According to mCd , there are eight point sample which categorize in moderate level of pollution while these points locate in low class with considering IPI. In this respect, mCd and IPI have shown same result in moderate and high pollution level. Finally, the result showed that margin of petrochemical, refinery and power plant, IPI classified integrating pollution in Moderate to high level but mCd categorized pollution in low to moderate classes.

Keywords

Abrahim, G., 2005. Holocene sediments of TamakiEstuary: Characterisation and impact of recent human    activity on an urban estuary in Auckland, New Zealand.   Dissertation, University of Auckland.
 
Ahmadi, S., Sedighian, S., Gitipor, S., 2012. Soil contamination with heavy metals like chromium and cadmium Tehran refinery and remove these metals from soil.The 2nd conference on environmental planning and management (EPM) ( In persion)
 
Atashgahi, M., Hamidian. A., Khorasani, N., Aflaki, f., Mohamadnezhad, M., 2011. An investigation on the efficiency of heavy metal removal from wastewater of Bidboland gas refinery using common reed page journal of natural environment, Volume 64, Issue 4, 337-346 ( In persion)
AlonsoHernández, C., BernalCastillo, J., BolanosAlvarez, Y., GómezBatista, M., and DiazAsencio, M., 2011. Heavy metal content of bottom ashes from fuel oil powerplant and oil refinery in cuba, journal of fuel 90, 2820–2823
 
Babatunde, b & tosin, o. Characteristics of soils and heavy metal content of vegetation in oil spill impacted land in Nigeria Proceedings of the Annual International Conference on Soils,sediments, water and energy, 2012
 
Bihamta, M., Zarechahoki, M., 2010. Statistical principles in the natural sciences. Tehran University Press. 322 p ( In persion )
 
Faiz, y., Tufail, m., Tayyeb. javed., Chadhurry, m., Siddigu, n., 2009. Road dust pollution of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn along Islamabad Expressway Pakistan, Microchemical Journal 92, 186–192

 Fontanetti, C., Nogarol, L., de Souza, R., Perez, D., Maziviero, G., 2011. Bioindicators and Biomarkers in the Assessment of Soil Toxicity. In soil Contamination (chapter 8), MSc Simone Pascucci (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307-647-8, InTech

Hakanson, L., 1980. An Ecological Risk Index for Aquatic Pollution Control: A Sedimentological Approach. Water Research, 14 975–1001Jafarnejadi, A., Homaee, M., Sayyad, Gh., bybordi, M., 2012. Evaluation of main soil properties affecting Cd concentrations in soil and wheat grains on some calcareous soils of Khuzestan Province.. j of Water and Soil Conservation. Volume 19, issue 2. ( In persion)
Khairy, M., barakat, A., mostafa, A., wade, T., 2011. multielement determination by f;ame atomic absorption of road dust samples in delta region Egypt, microchemical journal 97, 234-242
Khorasani, N., Hoseini, M., Porbagher, H., Hoseini, V., Aflaki, f., 2013. Determination of Heavy Metal Content in the Tiger-Toothed Croaker (Otolithes ruber): A Case Study in Bandar-e Mahshahr Page 181-190 journal of natural environment, Volume 66, Issue 2, 181-190 ( In persion)
Lu, X., Wang, L., Lei, K., Huan, g.J., Zhai,Y., 2008. contamination assessment of copper, lead, zinc, manganese and nickel in street dust of baoji, nw china, journal of hazardous materials 161, 1058 -1062
 
Mei, J., Li, Zh., Sun, L., Gu, H., 2011. Assessment of heavy metals in the urban river sediments in Suzhou city, northern anhui province, china. Procedia Environmental Sciences 10, 2547 – 2553
 
               Muller, G., 1979. Heavy metal Anomalies in Lagoon Sediments related to Intensive Agriculture in Altata-          Ensenada del PabelloÂn coastal system (SE Gulf of California), Environment International 26  265-273.
 
 
Nadal, M., Schuhmacher, M., Domingo.L, 2003. Metal pollution of soils and vegetation in an area with an area with petrochemical industry, Science of the Total Environment 321 59–69
 
Nadal, M., Schuhmacher, M., Domingo, L., 2006. Levels of metals, PBCs, PCNs and PAHs in soils of a highly industrialized chemical/petrochemical area: Temporal trend, chemosphere 66, 267–276
 
 
Skrbic, B., Mladenovic, N., 2010. Chemometric interpretation of heavy metal patterns in soils worldwide, chemosphere 80, 1360-1369.
 
Wake, H., 2005. Oil refineries: a review of their ecological impacts on the aquatic environment, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 62, 131–140
 
Yeung, P., Johnson, R., Xu, JG., 1997. Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil a affected by heating and forced aeration. Environmental Quality 26, 1511–1516.
 
Journal of Natural Environment
Volume 67, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
January 2015
Pages 403-414