نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

مکان‌یابی پهنه‌های مناسب برای گردشگری ورزشی در کوهستان (مطالعۀ موردی: جادۀ‌ کرج‌ـ چالوس)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

2 دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدۀ منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار دانشکدۀ محیط زیست و انرژی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران

4 دانشیار دانشکدۀ اقتصاد وتوسعۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

کوه‌ها مانند دیگر محیط‌های طبیعی، از مقاصد اصلی انواع گردشگری متکی به طبیعت از‌جمله گردشگری ورزشی هستند که توان متناهی برای این منظور دار‌ند و این توانایی از نقطه‌ای به نقطۀ دیگر متفاوت است و به‌تبع آن نوع و میزان این گونه از توسعه در مناطق مختلف، متناسب با توان تفاوت دارد. از این‌رو ضروری است قبل از برنامه‌ریزی به این منظور، به ارزیابی تناسب سرزمین پرداخت. جادۀ کرج‌ـ چالوس با داشتن شرایطی همچون ویژگی‌های ژئومورفولوژیک، زیستی و مناظر طبیعی کم‌نظیر یکی از مناطق پر‌طرفدار گردشگری کشور به‌شمار می‌رود که مطالعه و شناسایی قابلیت‌ها، پتانسیل‌ها و محدودیت‌های گردشگری آن و برنامه‌ریزی لازم در این خصوص، می‌تواند موجبات توسعۀ پایدار گردشگری در منطقه را فراهم آورد. به همین منظور در پژوهش حاضر با هدف معرفی مناسب‌ترین مکان توسعۀ فعالیت‌های طبیعت‌گردی، اقدام به پهنه‌بندی این محور با استفاده از روش ارزیابی چند‌معیارۀ مکانی و تدوین معیارهای زیست‌محیطی برای گروهی از فعالیت‌های ورزشی شامل کوه‌نوردی، صخره‌نوردی، کوه‌پیمایی، دامنه‌نوردی، دوچرخه‌سواری در کوهستان، اسب‌سواری و دره‌نوردی شد.
به‌منظور تبیین ارتباط بین اهداف و معیارها یک ساختار سلسله‌مراتبی تعریف شد. معیارها با استفاده از روش سلسله‌مراتبی و کاربرد نرم‌افزار Expert Choice وزن‌دهی شد. پس از تهیۀ نقشۀ معیارها، تلفیق لایه‌های اطلاعاتی با ترکیب خطی وزن‌دار در محیط سامانۀ اطلاعات جغرافیایی انجام و مکان‌های نهایی مناسب برای توسعۀ فعالیت‌های مطالعه‌شده استخراج شد. معیارهای تدوین‌شده شامل ویژگی‌های زمین (خاک، سنگ بستر و ناهمواری‌ها) بود. بر‌اساس نتایج این پژوهش، 58 درصد از منطقه قابلیت توسعۀ فعالیت‌های گردشگری ورزشی در کوهستان را دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Site Selection Appropriate Zones for Sport Tourism in Mountain Areas A Case Study: Karaj-Chalous Road

نویسندگان [English]

  • leila akhoondi 1
  • َAfshin Danehkar 2
  • Reza Arjmandi 3
  • Hosein Shabanali Fami 4

1 M.S.C in Environmental Management, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Associate professor, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

3 Assistant professor, Faculty of Environmental and Energy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

4 Associate professor, Faculty of Economics and Agricultural Development, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

The Mountains as the other Natural Environment are the main purposes for nature based tourism such as sport tourism and have a finite capacity for recreation development which differs from one place to another and naturally causes different type of tourism’s development. Therefore land Suitability is very important before Tourism planning. Some charactristics like geomorphological, biological and unique natural landscapes make Karaj-Callous road as one of the most popularity tourism region in Iran and study about it ’s capacity and limitation and do planning could cause sustainable tourism. In this regard current research with the goal introducing the best place for development Nature-based Tourism activities in mountain ecosystem, using Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation and prepare criteria for some sport activities including Mountaineering, Rock climbing, Trekking, Slope walking, Mountain biking, Horse riding and Canyoneering.
In order to illustrating the relationship between the objectives and criteria, a Hierarchy structure defined. The criteria weighted by the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Expert Choice software, maps of each criterion combined together by Weighted Linear Combination in GIS for provide suitable places for tourism activities. Criteria was includin geomorphological caractristics (soil, rock features and topography). Results show about 58% of study area has capability for development a variety sport tourism activities in mountain.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mountain
  • Sport Nature -based Tourism
  • Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation
  • Analytic Hierarchy Process
  • Karaj-Chalous road
 
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 68، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 3
آبان 1394
صفحه 331-344