ارتباط سن و جنسیت مرواریدماهی دوریا (Alburnus doriae) و ماهی نازک (Chondrostoma regium) با رژیم غذایی آنها در رودخانة زاینده‌رود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2025.392367.2789

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سن و جنسیت بر رژیم غذایی و الگوهای تخصیص منابع غذایی، بر روی مرواریدماهی دوریا (Alburnus doriae) و ماهی نازک (Chondrostoma regium) متمرکز شد. بدین‌منظور، در مجموع 400 نمونه (200 نمونه از هر گونه، شامل نر، ماده و نابالغ) به‌صورت فصلی در طول یک سال کامل از رودخانة زاینده‌رود واقع در استان چهارمحال و بختیاری جمع‌آوری شدند. برای کمی‌سازی اهمیت نسبی گروه‌های غذایی و مقایسة آنها، از شاخص ارزش عددی استفاده شد که این شاخص، فراوانی یا تعداد طعمه را در دستگاه گوارش نشان می­دهد. نتایج نشان داد که در هر دو گونه، حشرات دارای بیشترین اهمیت عددی بودند و به‌عنوان غذای اصلی تمام گروه‌های سنی و جنسی شناخته شدند. یک یافتة مهم، کاهش محسوس تنوع غذایی با افزایش سن در هر دو گونه بود، که بیانگر تخصصی شدن رژیم غذایی در ماهیان بزرگ‌تر است. علاوه بر این، مرواریدماهی دوریا تنوع غذایی بیشتر و گرایش تخصصی‌تری نسبت به ماهی نازک (که در منابع غذایی خود انعطاف‌پذیرتر است) از خود نشان داد. رژیم غذایی هر دو گونه به‌شدت وابسته به منابع حشره‌ای کفزی رودخانة زاینده‌رود است. این تخصصی شدن رژیم غذایی با افزایش سن، به‌عنوان یک استراتژی تغییر رژیم غذایی مرتبط با اندازه، به مدیریت بهتر نیازهای انرژی در ماهیان بزرگ‌تر کمک می‌کند. تفاوت در استراتژی‌های تغذیه‌ای بین مرواریدماهی دوریا (حشره‌خوار تخصصی‌تر) و ماهی نازک (همه‌چیزخوار منعطف‌تر)، فرصتی برای تقسیم منابع و همزیستی پایدار در این اکوسیستم آبی فراهم می‌سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship of age and sex of Dori bleak (Alburnus doriae) and Brond Snout (Chondrostoma regium) with their diet in the Zayandeh-Rud River

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omidvar Farhadian
  • Javad Bagheri
  • Nasrollah Mahboobi Soofiani
  • Safiollah Heidari
  • Eisa Ebrahimi

Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study, with the aim of investigating the effect of age and sex on diet and food resource allocation patterns, focused on Alburnus doriae and Chondrostoma regium. In order to achieve this goal, a total of 400 specimens (200 samples from each species, including male, female, and juvenile) were collected seasonally over a full year from the Zayandeh-rud River, located in Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province. To quantify the relative importance of food groups and compare them, the Numerical Importance Index was used, which indicates the frequency or number of prey in the digestive tract. Analysis results showed that in both species, Insects had the highest numerical importance and were recognized as the main food for all age and sex groups. An important finding was the noticeable decrease in diet diversity with increasing age in both species, which indicates specialization of the diet in larger fish. Furthermore, A. doriae showed greater food diversity and a more specialized tendency compared to C. regium (which is more flexible in its food resources). The diet of both species is strongly dependent on benthic insect resources of the Zayandeh-rud River. This specialization of diet with increasing age, as a size-related diet change strategy, helps in the better management of energy needs in larger fish. The difference in feeding strategies between A. doriae (a more specialized insectivore) and C. regium (a more flexible omnivore), provides an opportunity for resource partitioning and stable coexistence in this aquatic ecosystem.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Alburnus doriae
  • Chondrostoma regium
  • Numerical importance index
  • Zayandehroud River
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