نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی

بررسی الگوی پراکندگی و توزیع وفور گونه‌ای گیاهان و شب‌پره‌های خانوادة Noctuidae در منطقة حفاظت‌شدة آرک و گرنگ، خراسان جنوبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری و گروه پژوهشی خشکسالی و تغییر اقلیم، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

2 گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند، بیرجند، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2025.395737.2808

چکیده

امروزه مطالعة روابط گیاه–حشره به‌عنوان شاخص‌های مؤثر تنوع زیستی در تحقیقات بوم‌شناسی و برنامه‌ریزی حفاظت از تنوع زیستی مهم است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، مطالعة الگوی پراکندگی، توزیع وفور گونه‌ای و همزیستی گونه‌های گیاهی و شب‌پره‌های خانوادة Noctuidae در منطقة حفاظت‌شدة آرک و گرنگ خراسان جنوبی است. نمونه‌برداری از گیاهان و شب‌پره‌ها در ۱۰ منطقه انجام گرفت، در هر منطقه، سه زیر منطقة معرف انتخاب و در هر منطقه، 30 کوادرات مستقر شد. در هر کوادرات تراکم گونه‌ای برآورد شد. همچنین، جمع‌آوری شب‌پره‌ها با استفاده از تلة نوری انجام شد. شب‌پره‌های جذب‌شده به نور، جمع‌آوری و در آزمایشگاه، شمارش و شناسایی شدند. شاخص کوادراتی شامل نسبت میانگین/واریانس، شاخص موریسیتا و موریسیتای استاندارد برای هر گونه محاسبه شد. وفور گونه‌ای گیاهان و شب‌پره‌های منطقة مورد مطالعه با مدل‌های توزیع وفور گونه‌ای (Species Abundance Distribution; SAD) مطابقت داده شدند. به‌منظور بررسی معنی‌داری برازش از روش بیشینة درستنمایی و برای انتخاب بهترین مدل از آمارة AIC استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشتر گونه‌های گیاهی (73/33درصد گونه‌ها) و شب‌پره‌های (86/67درصد گونه‌ها) مورد مطالعه دارای الگوی پراکندگی کپه‌ای هستند. همچنین، پوشش گیاهی و شب‌پره‌های مورد مطالعه با مدل لوگ نرمال (معرف بوم‌سازگان بالغ و پیچیده‌) برازش بهتری دارند. نتایج نشان داد که بین ماتریس ترکیب گیاهی و شب‌پره‌ها، همبستگی معنی‌داری وجود ندارد (0/05<P؛ 0/05=r). به‌طور کلی یافته‌های حاصل از این پژوهش در منطقة آرک و گرنگ نشان داد که پیچیدگی محیطی و ناهمگنی زیستگاهی نقش مهمی در تعیین الگوی پراکندگی گونه‌های گیاهی و شب‌پره‌های خانوادة Noctuidae ایفا می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of species distribution patterns and abundance of plants and Noctuid moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in the Ark and Gorong protected area, south Khorasan province, Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Moslem Rostampour 1
  • Mohammad Mahdi Rabieh 2

1 Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management and Research Group of Drought and Climate Change, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Nowedays, the study of plant–insect interactions is considered a critical indicator of biodiversity in ecological research and biodiversity conservation planning. The present study aimed to investigate the distribution patterns, species abundance, and co-occurrence of plant species and Noctuidae moths in the Ark and Gorong Protected Area in South Khorasan Province, Iran.Sampling of moths and plants was carried out at ten sites. Three representative sub-sites were selected in each site, and 30 quadrats is taken per site. Species density was estimated in each quadrat. Moth specimens were caught using light traps. The attracted moths were collected, counted, and identified in the laboratory. To assess spatial distribution, the mean/variance ratio, Morisita’s index, and standardized Morisita’s index were calculated for each species. The species abundance distributions (SADs) of both plants and moths were fitted to theoretical models. Model fit significance was established with maximum likelihood estimation, and the best model was decided on by Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The findings indicated that most of the plant (73.33 %) and moth species (86.67 %) were clumped in their pattern of distribution. Additionally, abundance of species in both groups occurred best according to the log-normal model, typically typical of mature and complex communities. Analysis detected no significant correlation between the plant community matrix and the moth community matrix (r=0.05, P≥0.05). In general, the findings of this study in Ark and Gorong Protected Area showed that environmental complexity and habitat heterogeneity play an important role in determining the distribution pattern of plant species and Noctuid moths.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Insects
  • Protected area
  • Rangeland plants
  • Species composition
  • Spatial distribution
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نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی
دوره 78، شماره 2
شهریور 1404
صفحه 237-252