ارزیابی ریسک سلامت برخی فلزات سنگین ناشی از مصرف ماهی سارم دهان‌بزرگ در منطقة دشتیاری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار، چابهار، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2025.399456.2830

چکیده

از میان انواع آلاینده‌های منابع آبی فلزات سنگین به‌دلیل عدم تجزیه‌پذیری زیستی، قابلیت تجمع در زنجیرة غذایی و اثرات سوء‌ حاد و مزمن بر سلامت انسان بسیار نگران‌کننده هستند، بنابراین با توجه به آلودگی فزایندة منابع آب و اهمیت پایش مداوم آنها، در این تحقیق نسبت به بررسی تجمع برخی فلزات سنگین در عضلة ماهی و ارزیابی ریسک سلامت ناشی از مصرف ماهی سارم دهان‌بزرگ صید شده از منطقة دشتیاری (جایگاه تخلیة صید بریس، پسابندر و گواتر) اقدام شد. فلزات سنگین مورد بررسی در نمونه‌های صید شده شامل کادمیوم، سرب، کروم، روی، مس و نیکل بودند. برای سنجش غلظت این فلزات، نمونه‌ها با استفاده از روش هضم شیمیایی مرطوب اسیدی تک‌مرحله‌ای آماده‌سازی شدند. سپس ارزیابی وضعیت سلامت و خطر احتمالی ناشی از مصرف این فلزات با استفاده از شاخص محیط زیست (EPA) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. طبق نتایج بالاترین آلودگی فلزات سنگین در ماهی سارم دهان‌بزرگ متعلق به منطقة بریس با شاخص شاخص آلودگی فلزی برابر با 1/44 بود. غلظت کادمیوم و سرب بین ماهیان مناطق اختلاف معنی‌دار داشت (0/05>P)، در حالی‌که برای مس و روی تفاوت معنی‌داری در ماهیان مناطق مختلف مشاهده نشد (0/05<P). بیشترین مقدار جذب روزانه و هفتگی فلزات مربوط به مس و روی و کمترین به کادمیوم، کروم و نیکل اختصاص داشت. شاخص‌های خطر هدف و تجمعی در تمامی مناطق کمتر از 1 بوده و نشان‌دهندة ایمن بودن مصرف این ماهی از نظر ریسک غیرسرطان‌زای فلزات سنگین است. با توجه به شاخص آلودگی فلزی، منطقة بریس نیازمند اولویت‌بندی در پایش و مدیریت آلودگی است، همچنین، پایش دوره‌ای در پسابندر و حفظ کیفیت محیط‌زیست در گواتر برای پایداری وضعیت ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Health risk assessment of selected heavy metals from the consumption of Talang Queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus) in the Dashtyaari region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Milad Johar
  • Seraj Bita

Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Among various aquatic pollutants, heavy metals are of particular concern due to their non-biodegradable nature, potential for bioaccumulation in the food chain, and their acute and chronic adverse effects on human health. Given the increasing contamination of water resources and the importance of continuous monitoring, this study investigated the accumulation of selected heavy metals in the muscle tissue of Talang Queenfish (Scomberoides commersonnianus) and assessed the associated health risks from its consumption. Fish samples were collected from Dashtyaari coastal waters, specifically from the fish landing sites of Beris, Pasabandar, and Gowatr. The analyzed heavy metals included cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni). Samples were prepared using a single-step acid wet digestion method, and metal concentrations were measured. Human health risk assessment was performed using environmental protection indices recommended by the U.S. EPA. The results indicated that the highest heavy metal contamination occurred in fish from Beris, with a Metal Pollution Index (MPI) of 1.44. Significant differences in cadmium and lead concentrations were observed between regions (P<0.05), while copper and zinc levels did not show significant variation (P>0.05). The highest estimated daily and weekly intake values were related to copper and zinc, while the lowest were attributed to cadmium, chromium, and nickel. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values for all metals in all regions were below 1, indicating no potential non-carcinogenic health risk from consuming this species. Based on MPI values, Beris should be prioritized for pollution monitoring and management, while periodic monitoring is recommended for Pasabandar, and environmental quality in Gowatr should be preserved to maintain its favorable status.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dashtyaari
  • Heavy metals
  • Risk assessment
  • Scomberoides commersonnianus
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