شناسایی و تحلیل کلان چالش‌های محیط‌ زیستی استان اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

2 گروه محیط‌ زیست، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی،دانشکدگان کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

3 گروه جغرافیا برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکدة ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

4 بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اصفهان، ایران.

5 گروه آب و هواشناسی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

6 گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

7 گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکدة فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

8 گروه جامعه‌شناسی سیاسی، دانشکدة علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

9 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکدة کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

10 گروه ژئودزی، دانشکدة مهندسی نقشه‌برداری، دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی، تهران، ایران.

11 گروه معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

12 گروه آب ‌و هوا شناسی، دانشکدة جغرافیا، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

13 گروه جغرافیای طبیعی، دانشکدة علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

14 گروه اقتصاد سیاست و توسعة کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

10.22059/jne.2025.391991.2782

چکیده

در این تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی، مهم‌ترین چالش‌های محیط‌زیستی استان اصفهان و عوامل مؤثر در شکل‌گیری آنها با استفاده از پرسش‌نامه­ای شامل 9 کلان چالش اصلی و 102 عامل مرتبط، در جامعة آماری 222 نفر شناسایی شد. تعیین مهم‌ترین چالش‌ها و عوامل مؤثر بر آنها در سه نوع تقسیم‌بندی شامل عموم افراد، گروه‌های تحصیلی و گروه‌های شغلی با استفاده از آزمون کروسکال-والیس و در ادامه آزمون دان-بون فرونی انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از مقایسة آماری از نظر عموم افراد، کلان چالش‌های استان اصفهان را در 3 گروه کلی قرار داد که مهم‌ترین آنها به‌ترتیب اهمیت در گروه a و b شامل: خشکی زاینده‌رود و تالاب بین‌المللی گاوخونی و چالش آلودگی هوا (a)، ضعف حکمرانی محیط‌زیست (ab) و فرونشست زمین (b) قرار گرفتند. نتایج مقایسه‌های آماری نظرات افراد در مورد تعیین چالش‌های اصلی، اختلاف نظری بین طبقات مختلف شغلی و یا تحصیلی را نشان نداد (0/05=alpha). نتایج نشان داد عوامل مؤثر بر دو چالش خشکی زاینده‌رود و تالاب بین‌المللی گاوخونی و فرونشست زمین در اکثر موارد مشترک بوده و شامل عدم تأمین حقابة رودخانة زاینده‌رود و تالاب بین‌المللی گاوخونی، برداشت بی‌رویه از منابع آب زیرزمینی و طرح‌های انتقال آب از حوضة گاوخونی می‌شود. نتایج مقایسة آماری عوامل مؤثر بر چالش آلودگی هوا، اختلاف معنی‌داری (0/05=alpha) بین تمرکز صنایع بزرگ و عدم نظارت بر استفاده از تجهیزات کاهش دهنده و کنترل کنندة انتشار آلودگی با دیگر عوامل نشان داد. در رابطه با چالش ضعف حکمرانی محیط‌زیست نیز جای ندادن محیط‌زیست در اولویت‌های سرمایه‌گذاری دولت‌ برای کنترل، پیشگیری، رفع یا تقلیل مشکلات محیط‌زیستی به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل تعیین شد. نتایج اختلاف معنی‌داری بین دیدگاه‌های گروه‌های شغلی و تحصیلی نشان نداد. این مطالعه می‌تواند مبنایی برای برنامه‌ریزی‌های مدیریتی و سیاست‌گذاری‌های محیط‌زیستی در استان اصفهان باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and analysis of major environmental challenges in Isfahan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Saeid Ghasemi 1
  • Mohammad Nemati Varnosfaderany 1
  • Anooshe Kafash 2
  • Fereshteh Kiani Nezhad 1
  • Fahime Fadaei Jazi 3
  • Sepideh Salehi Mokari 1
  • Zahra Jaberalansar 4
  • Sara Azadi 5
  • Saeid Rezaei 6
  • Seyed Reza Azadeh 7
  • Hamidreza Keshavarz 8
  • Rahim Amirikhah 9
  • Seyed Sasan Babaee 10
  • Mohammad Erfan Kaghazchi 1
  • Sima Khaleghian 11
  • Reza Peykanpour Fard 1
  • Sadat Hashemi Nasab 12
  • Mousa Dehghani 1
  • Narges Mohammadzadeh 13
  • Adel Shakibaee 14
  • Ferial Farasat 1
  • Mehrdad Alranaee 1
  • Fakhrieh Mohseni 1

1 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.

2 Department of Environment, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Urban Planning Geography, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

4 Department of Natural Resources Research, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Isfahan Province, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Isfahan, Iran.

5 Department of Geography, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

6 Department of Industrial Engineering, Arak University, Arak, Iran.

7 Department of Urban Engineering, Faculty of Technical and Engineering Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.

8 Department of Political Sociology, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

9 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.

10 Department of Geodesy, Faculty of Surveying Engineering, K.N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.

11 Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Isfahan Art University, Isfahan, Iran.

12 Department of Geography, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.

13 Department of Natural Geography, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

14 Department of Agricultural Policy and Development Economics, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.

چکیده [English]

This study employed a descriptive-analytical approach to identify the most important environmental challenges and the factors affecting them in Isfahan Province.  Data were collected through a questionnaire encompassing 9 major environmental challenges and 102 influencing factors, with a sample size of 222 participants. The determination of key challenges and their influencing factors was conducted across three categories: public people, educational, and occupational categories, utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Dunn-Bonferroni post-hoc test. The comparison results, from the perspective of all volunteers, placed the major challenges of Isfahan province in 3 groups, the most important of which were in groups a and b, respectively, including the drying up of the Zayandehroud River and the Gavkhouni International Wetland and the challenge of air pollution (a), weak environmental governance (ab), and land subsidence (b). No significant differences were observed in the opinions of the three categories regarding the identification of these main challenges (alpha = 0.05). The analysis revealed that the factors contributing to the drying of the Zayandehroud River, the Gavkhouni International Wetland, and land subsidence were common in most cases. They included insufficient allocation of environmental flow for the Zayandehroud River and the Gavkhouni International Wetland, excessive extraction of groundwater resources, and water transfer projects originating from the Gavkhouni basin. The results of the comparison of factors affecting the air pollution challenge showed a significant difference (alpha = 0.05) between the concentration of large industries and the lack of supervision over the use of pollution emission reduction and control equipment with other factors. Regarding the challenge of weak environmental governance, the most influential factor was identified as the exclusion of environmental priorities from government investment agendas aimed at managing, preventing, mitigating, or resolving environmental problems.

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